1. James C. McCroskey, Virginia P. Richmond, and Robert A. Stewart, One on One: The Foundations of Interpersonal Communication (Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1986).

2. Daniel O’Keefe notes that although attitudes and behavior are “generally consistent,” there are “a large number of possible moderating variables,” including the relative demands of the behavior, whether there is a vested position, and others: Daniel J. O’Keefe, Persuasion: Theory & Research, 2nd ed. (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2002), 17.

3. Ibid.

4. “Tip Sheet: Communicating about Biodiversity,” Biodiversity Project Web site, accessed May 20, 2010, http://www.biodiversityproject.org/docs/publicationsandtipsheets/communicatingaboutbiodiversity_tipsheet .pdf.

5. Ibid.

6. McCroskey, One on One, 76.

7. Herbert Simon, Persuasion in Society (Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 2001), 385–87.

8. Kenneth Burke, A Rhetoric of Motives (Berkeley, CA: University of California Press, 1969).

9. Nick Morgan, Working the Room: How to Move People to Action through Audience-Centered Speaking (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Business School Press, 2003).

10. E. R. Behrman and Nevzer Stacey, eds., The Social Benefits of Going to College (Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press, 2000).

11. Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life, U.S. Religious Landscape Survey, February 2008, http://religions.pewforum.org/pdf/report-religious-landscape-study-full.pdf.

12. Daniel Canary and K. Dindia, eds., Sex Differences and Similarities in Communication (Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, 1998).

13. Center for Disease Control and Prevention, “People with Disabilities: Living Healthy,” updated July 25, 2011, http://www.cdc.gov/Features/disabilities/.

14. U.S. Census Quick Facts, July 11, 2011, http://quickfacts.census.gov/qfd/states/00000.html; American Community Survey Brief, “Place of Birth of the Foreign-born Population, 2009,” October 2010, http://www.census.gov/prod/2010pubs/acsbr09-15.pdf.

15. U.S. Department of State, “Independent States of the World Fact Sheet,” April 13, 2011, http://www.state.gov/s/inr/rls/4250.htm.

16. E. D. Steele and W. C. Redding, “The American Value System: Premises for Persuasion,” Western Speech 26 (1962): 83–91; Robin M. Williams Jr., American Society: A Sociological Interpretation, 3rd ed. (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1970).

17. Richard D. Lewis, When Cultures Collide: Leading across Cultures, 3rd ed. (Boston: Intercultural Press-Nicholas Brealey International, 2005), 27.

18. Rushworth M. Kidder, Shared Values for a Troubled World: Conversations with Men and Women of Conscience (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1994).