For Exercises 4.14 and 4.15, see pages 180181; for 4.16 to 4.20, see pages 183184; for 4.21 to 4.23, see pages 185186; for 4.24, see page 187; for 4.25 and 4.26, see page 189; and for 4.27 to 4.29, see page 190.

Question 4.17

4.17 White, black, silver, gray, or red.

Refer to Example 4.8, and find the probability that the favorite color is white, black, silver, gray, or red using Rule 4. Explain why this calculation is easier than finding the answer using Rule 3.

4.17

0.84. This is slightly easier than taking the 5 colors included and adding their probabilities because, here, we can just add the 3 colors that are not included and use the complement rule.