1.108 Jobs for business majors.

What types of jobs are available for students who graduate with a business degree? The website careerbuilder.com lists job opportunities classified in a variety of ways. A recent posting had 25,120 jobs. The following table gives types of jobs and the numbers of postings listed under the classification “business administration” on a recent day.³¹

60

Describe these data using the methods you learned in this chapter, and write a short summary about jobs that are available for those who have a business degree. Include comments on the limitations that should be kept in mind when interpreting this particular set of data.

1.109 Flopping in the 2014 World Cup.

Soccer players are often accused of spending an excessive amount of time dramatically falling to the ground followed by other activities, suggesting that a possible injury is very serious. It has been suggested that these tactics are often designed to influence the call of a referee or to take extra time off the clock. Recordings of the first 32 games of the 2014 World Cup were analyzed, and there were 302 times when the referee interrupted the match because of a possible injury. The number of injuries and the total time, in minutes, spent flopping for each of the 32 teams who participated in these matches were recorded.³² Here are the data:

Describe these data using the methods you learned in this chapter, and write a short summary about flopping in the 2014 World Cup based on your analysis.

1.110 Another look at T-bill rates.

Refer to Example 1.12 with the histogram in Figure 1.6 (page 13), Example 1.20 with the time plot in Figure 1.12 (page 20), and Example 1.41 with the normal quantile plot in Figure 1.29 (page 53). These examples tells us something about the distribution T-bill rates and how they vary over time. For this exercise, we will focus on very small rates.

1.111 Another look at marketing products for seniors in Canada.

In Exercise 1.32 (page 23), you analyzed data on the percent of the population over 65 in the 13 Canadian provinces and territories. Those with relatively large percents might be good prospects for marketing products for seniors. In addition, you might want to examine the change in this population over time and then focus your marketing on provinces and territories where this segment of the population is increasing.

1.112 Best brands variables.

Refer to Exercises 1.53 and 1.54 (page 36). The data set BRANDS contains values for seven variables: (1) rank, a number between 1 and 100 with 1 being the best brand, etc.; (2) company name; (3) value of the brand, in millions of dollars; (4) change, difference between last year’s rank and current rank; (5) revenue, in US$ billions; (6) company advertising, in US$ millions; and (7) industry.

1.113 Best brands industry.

Refer to the previous exercise.

Describe the distribution of the variable industry using the methods you have learned in this chapter.

1.114 Best brands revenue.

Refer to the Exercise 1.112. Describe the distribution of the variable revenue using the methods you have learned in this chapter. Your summary should include information about this characteristic of these data.

1.115 Beer variables.

Refer to Exercises 1.56 through 1.58 (page 36). The data set BEER contains values for five variables: (1) brand; (2) brewery; (3) percent alcohol; (4) calories per 12 ounces; and (5) carbohydrates in grams.

1.116 Beer carbohydrates.

Refer to the previous exercise.

Describe the distribution of the variable carbohydrates using the methods you have learned in this chapter. Note that some cases have missing values for this variable. Your summary should include information about this characteristic of these data.

1.117 Beer breweries.

Refer to Exercise 1.115.

Describe the distribution of the variable brewery using the methods you have learned in this chapter.

1.118 Companies of the world.

The Word Bank collects large amounts of data related to business issues from different countries. One set of data records the number of companies that are incorporated in each country and that are listed on the country’s stock exchange at the end of the year.³³

Examine the numbers of companies for 2012 using the methods that you learned in this chapter.

1.119 Companies of the world.

Refer to the previous exercise. Examine the data for 2002, and compare your results with what you found in the previous exercise. Note that some cases have missing values for this variable. Your summary should include information about this characteristic of these data.

1.120 What colors sell?

Customers’ preference for vehicle colors vary with time and place. Here are data on the most popular colors in 2012 for North America.³⁴

Use the methods you learned in this chapter to describe these vehicle color preferences. How would you use this information for marketing vehicles in North America?

1.121 Identify the histograms.

A survey of a large college class asked the following questions:

Figure 1.35 shows histograms of the student responses, in scrambled order and without scale markings. Which histogram goes with each variable? Explain your reasoning.

1.122 Grading managers.

Some companies “grade on a bell curve” to compare the performance of their managers. This forces the use of some low performance ratings so that not all managers are graded “above average.” A company decides to give A’s to the managers and professional workers who score in the top 15% on their performance reviews, C’s to those who score in the bottom 15%, and B’s to the rest. Suppose that a company’s performance scores are Normally distributed. This year, managers with scores less than 25 received C’s, and those with scores above 475 received A’s. What are the mean and standard deviation of the scores?

1.123 What influences buying?

Product preference depends in part on the age, income, and gender of the consumer. A market researcher selects a large sample of potential car buyers. For each consumer, she records gender, age, household income, and automobile preference. Which of these variables are categorical and which are quantitative?

62

1.124 Simulated observations.

Most statistical software packages have routines for simulating values having specified distributions. Use your statistical software to generate 30 observations from the distribution. Compute the mean and standard deviation and of the 30 values you obtain. How close are and to the and of the distribution from which the observations were drawn?

Repeat 24 more times the process of generating 25 observations from the distribution and recording and . Make a stemplot of the 25 values of and another stemplot of the 25 values of . Make Normal quantile plots of both sets of data. Briefly describe each of these distributions. Are they symmetric or skewed? Are they roughly Normal? Where are their centers? (The distributions of measures like and when repeated sets of observations are made from the same theoretical distribution will be very important in later chapters.)