Chapter 1. Biomedical Therapies

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Scientific American: Psychology
Infographic Activity 14.3 Biomedical Therapies

Biomedical Therapies

Biomedical therapies use physical interventions to treat psychological disorders. These therapies can be categorized according to the method by which they influence the brain’s functioning: chemical, electrical, or structural.

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1.1 Quiz

1. Florence has been taking an antidepressant that was prescribed by her psychiatrist. She has been on the medication for 3 months, and reports that she has been experiencing a decrease in her symptoms and no significant side effects. The medication would be categorized as an SSRI drug. Which of the following chemical effects should such a drug have?

It causes serotonin molecules to be less susceptible to the synaptic enzymes that metabolize all neurotransmitters.

It inhibits serotonin from being released from synaptic vesicles; this in turn causes an increase in neural activity since serotonin is an antagonist neurotransmitter.

It will cause serotonin to bind with greater efficacy to the myelin sheath, thus further potentiating action potentials.

It will allow serotonin molecules to remain in the synapses between neurons for longer so that they can have a greater effect.

Correct.

Incorrect.

2. Which of the following refers to prescription drugs that function on different neurotransmitters thought to be involved in the development of psychological disorders?

Psychotropic medications

Antibiotic medications

Antagonist drugs

Antiretroviral drugs

Correct.

Incorrect.

3. Dr. Shutt is a neurosurgeon who has been called in to consult on a patient who suffers from extreme depression. This patient’s treatment team has tried all sorts of different approaches to help him obtain relief from his symptoms, but they have all failed. The team has suggested that a form of psychosurgery called ________ be considered, as it has been shown to reduce symptoms in severe cases of major depression.

frontal lobotomy

anterior cingulotomy

split brain procedure

parietal lobectomy

Correct.

Incorrect.

4. A non-invasive technique for the treatment of depression, __________, induces electric current in neurons near the outer cortex, which in turn activates targeted regionsa. positron emission tomography (PET)
b. bilateral craniotomy (BCT)
*c. repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS)
d. electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Correct.

Incorrect.

5. Woody is going to be undergoing a biomedical technique that is designed to increase the electrical activity in his brain. This non-invasive technique has been found to reduce symptoms in as many as 86% of those with severe depression who have tried it. Which of the following pieces of equipment will be involved in the administration of this treatment?

A scalpel

A very long hypodermic needle

A wire coil

Dual electrodes

Correct.

Incorrect.

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