Figure 4.24: Muslims in Europe. Muslims are a small minority in most European countries, but their population has grown from a total of 29.6 million in 1990 to 44.1 million in 2010—amounting to about 6 percent of the total population—and is expected to rise to more than 58 million by 2030. Many intend to make the region their permanent home. Just how, or if, the assimilation of Muslims into largely secular Europe will proceed is a major topic of public debate.

[Source consulted: “The Future of the Global Muslim Population,” Religion and Public Life Project, Pew Research Center, January 27, 2011, at http://www.pewforum.org/2011/01/27/future-of-the-global-muslim-population-regional-sub-saharan-africa]