Figure 6.4: Variations in women’s freedom to exercise their human rights in five categories. Each country was evaluated on a scale of 1 to 5, with 1 being the lowest degree of freedom and 5 being the highest. A variety of factors was assessed for each nation: actions taken and omitted; the legal system; the political environment; actual implementation of laws and policies; and the role that non-state individuals and institutions played in strengthening or weakening women’s rights and freedoms.

[Sources consulted: Sanja Kelly and Julia Breslin, eds., Women’s Rights in the Middle East and North Africa (New York: Freedom House); Freedom House reports on Israel and Turkey, at http://www.freedomhouse.org]