9.12 CHAPTER KEY TERMS

Match the term to its definition by clicking the term first, then the definition.

Question

Ainu
Confucianism
Cultural Revolution
export-led growth
floating population
food security
Great Leap Forward
growth poles
hukou system
just-in-time system
kaizen system
regional self-sufficiency
regional specialization
responsibility system
special economic zones (SEZs)
state-aided market economy
tsunami
typhoon
wet rice cultivation
a system of continuous manufacturing improvement, pioneered in Japan, in which production lines are constantly adjusted, improved, and surveyed for errors to save time and money and ensure that fewer defective parts are produced
a political movement launched in 1966 to force the entire population of China to support the continuing revolution
the system in China that ties people to their place of birth; each person’s permanent residence is registered and any person who wants to migrate must obtain permission from authorities to do so
a prolific type of rice production that requires the plant roots to be submerged in water for part of the growing season
a large sea wave caused by an earthquake
an economic reform program under Mao Zedong intended to quickly raise China to the industrial level of Britain and the United States
an indigenous cultural minority group in Japan characterized by their light skin, heavy beards, and thick, wavy hair, who are thought to have migrated thousands of years ago from the northern Asian steppes
an economic policy in Communist China that encouraged each region to develop independently in the hope of evening out the wide disparities in the national distribution of production and income
the ability of a state to consistently supply a sufficient amount of basic food to the entire population
a Chinese philosophy that teaches that the best organizational model for the state and society is a hierarchy based on the patriarchal family
an economic system based on market principles such as private enterprise, profit incentives, and supply and demand, but with strong government guidance; in contrast to the free market (limited government) economic system of the United States and, to a lesser degree, Europe
the system pioneered in Japanese manufacturing that clusters companies that are part of the same production system close together so that they can deliver parts to each other precisely when they are needed
specialization (rather than self-sufficiency) in order to take advantage of regional variations in climate, natural resources, and location
an economic development strategy that relies heavily on the production of manufactured goods destined for sale abroad
the Chinese term for people who live in a place other than their household registration location; many are jobless or underemployed people who have left economically depressed rural areas for the cities
free trade zones within China, which are commonly called export processing zones (EPZs) elsewhere
a tropical cyclone or hurricane in the western Pacific Ocean
zones of development whose success draws more investment and migration to a region
in the 1980s, a decentralization of economic decision making in China that returned agricultural decision making to the farm household level, subject to the approval of the commune