Chapter 5. Minerals
Purpose and Goals
Nutrition for a Changing World
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You must read each slide, and complete any questions on the slide, in sequence.
Minerals
Photo Credit: V. J. Matthew/Shutterstock
Introduction
The minerals that play critical roles in human health are divided into two categories: major minerals and trace minerals. Major minerals have a daily requirement of 100 milligrams or more, while trace minerals have a daily requirement of less than 100 milligrams. Neither type can be synthesized by the body, so they must be ingested through the diet. With narrow ranges of safe intake, minerals can also be over-consumed. Using SuperTracker, you will compare your intake of minerals with the current dietary recommendations and upper limits.
This activity can be completed using the USDA’s SuperTracker Food Tracker tool or any dietary analysis software. To complete the activity using SuperTracker, go to the SuperTracker website. If you do not already have a profile, click ‘Create Profile’ at the top right of the page and follow the instructions.
This will allow you to save your information for future use. After you have created your profile, select ‘Track Food & Activity’ at the top of the page and click ‘Food Tracker’ in the drop-down menu. Record your food and beverage intake for three days that most reflect your typical eating patterns. Enter each food and beverage you have consumed into the Food Tracker. Note that there may not always be an exact match to the food or beverage that you consumed, so select the best match available.
Once you have entered all of your food and beverage choices into the food tracker, select ‘My Reports’ from the navigation bar at the top of the page. You will need to use the Nutrients Report for this activity.
For more instructions and help using the SuperTracker website, please visit the help page.
5.1 Build Your Grid
| Minerals | Target | Average Eaten | Percent of Target Eaten |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (mg) | A1 | A2 | A3 |
| Potassium (mg) | B1 | B2 | B3 |
| Sodium (mg) | C1 | C2 | C3 |
| Copper (µg) | D1 | D2 | D3 |
| Iron (mg) | E1 | E2 | E3 |
| Magnesium (mg) | F1 | F2 | F3 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | G1 | G2 | G3 |
| Selenium (μg) | H1 | H2 | H3 |
| Zinc (mg) | I1 | I2 | I3 |
Table
| Minerals | Good Food Source (List One) | Deficiency Symptoms |
|---|---|---|
| Calcium | [text] | [text] |
| Potassium | [text] | [text] |
| Iron | [text] | [text] |
Table
5.2 Analyze Your Intake
| Minerals | Target | Average Eaten | Percent of Target Eaten |
|---|---|---|---|
| Calcium (mg) | A1 | A2 | A3 |
| Potassium (mg) | B1 | B2 | B3 |
| Sodium (mg) | C1 | C2 | C3 |
| Copper (mg) | D1 | D2 | D3 |
| Iron (mg) | E1 | E2 | E3 |
| Magnesium (mg) | F1 | F2 | F3 |
| Phosphorus (mg) | G1 | G2 | G3 |
| Selenium (μg) | H1 | H2 | H3 |
| Zinc (mg) | I1 | I2 | I3 |
Table
Question 5.1
vXES/i/lPZtvneGZaN2i5t+F8aWgCqdsAsFUskw5k159sdoEanp4yLNyYymnDdS9kPJy1FYatLqK72occjOQii8nAJf9xSniUsP8TxHnut+qUf7gpgpI3AtAP7usnzpQQjyAC2O45JxWyvz1AckCcAmYozqoyhTyV62wcVhCpWlFtMExEjFJruX0f5bt1w6OeOnbrib7eOH7gtVi1oVnLd5Vrc+INgPiIcAKL41e166Avl1IWbp9KuLLohgvbWpbU2ipUrhWzhWwWgu4C6z7YA==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.2
MIFrTz1Z65eupZsKOMe63u5nVPrandMQG9DnQut/HsUvAZ0E3ADL9YfD81jXiaV+fbG/ZoMAqYW1J8Zwjx6EmXVM22vclmW9bRF3HWOnk7oQrH8/zdzRxe5GUc+HGAH/M5wq9K7OFxl4iyGdS5dqJXHLPIPUMP6l65tvDN0KxwfhGzh9QsdabNavVFejppIIUQoQ/uexk+h9/++eZG0gX8lLiInTuyupQXJSYEV4lKqrfcF8AJXSOECtqoKPJyik0rtKjjlBJIVrv2t4Siz03g==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.3
hBwt56pYIcbg4pGPiXgVtTi6dT4Ezjozu6H8n1FPrM/TUpY+RwIwuzg9dEiKSWGUAb91wfdmDfM/o79UsSn+EDHvl403/p1ZLNCbp9PfOWi3SElWGCU7Fpbh+IA92ndWVpagEimC3QUuL0a6o4v537NeO0TaJ5XO3cKVgY9d2trXIPst8x2HCIHY2UfL/ArlaZcCbFz79uMpckNk64ia0vv18x3hAClMbNc1mlZlwaZ7vk8uO08gfhRIKe1bWLIIEGDoIYChAqb3UgysCorrect.
Incorrect.
Question 5.4
BhqgB0F5+PuNMdqWC6dzpzbFTCa2Lfz23oEd0PyOqhG6cWaCClJsR8/zbpjUDOvwpvlWgf0Hpish3OHcbt3VhO29kd9IJM07W30X8gtJqvMrsJkUcVP+4guA/Awh4FGR0xdHNs/4exVI73WshqghtqMFjgN7B18uMpapw/koHsJzYWz8oJExXWbsfHVoV1Tk5GHAYcxdBA3i8itJ6no58V8mdeZU+39YG7Z6aWLfDXP/k19RML9XJvilp9uCFcmXaaUdzS1Fm/+vtGGVIoLd7w==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.5
Sboewz04zfUi5GkAg4cDEEz1iD1XEGCKkapfIU9S3WKOBc/oDyMlcR+bzdBSnFYgBdPthIDVUoXBvH7XbLttU0TUgdbCzgcfyj9Ed0QeKXOY/ifDnJTFtcEvUmH9Vrk0QYvblk1Q2zp4eLeeGyNrmm0FojLBA97Z8atrW49P73+nkZnNU3I21KYzsNUhBLsIzEeSgbLHw/AmYCgUN0Qd+svIqYEyYXWo0K+CG2lqSF+6mchwrOYjJiKorFMmloB49yZYeGl8KtfRA1ahNkyZYA==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.6
xkSf6aGLdGAm2iGas38Bu3yMRCs9cLscjx+skzUHm0y+OQpxtVd0PW39IxqjjBs9naw2BKm/877VIZqkJ5HTWQpNNkPQNKSkufknDrEAu8kxdeXu2fN8ex2egMd4Z5d01dHSRBcw0fIu5CjuOzOZ0D//66wWwKz0bvEwF0UBPsK45GGLrhsjoNKA8BeYWNScCJO8xpmKLAohFMHeEY41nTmWSmon4Xwlv7r4N437bp6HBP1NVnZiD0UzXHeetSPwXVFRgcf6GzCcx5gc/poPvfS9P5U42g7Li0yRJnA+d7+PH1lgdgOtQp+yZOvV83XAaQbinvyNDd62Tc4ZoV59+YeuWbXhVm3IzNRufmD/x2fRMwG/LYM0estVhnVMNM0izDAgnX/+V2KdaDB8T2ZipZmsO6fgE/3pRzzpCv5GvmU=Correct.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 13 of your textbook to find the ULs.
Question 5.7
g1pLkOWDlhs4rrbVJtXZXnE0NDy/ndccdRrjmnusmuAgHWiE1ADiYjycX1neBxVKBysiRDNsmgTYGAMIvKSMrpsq6L3KaYDGkE9Md/OVVtzjpgWrv+pvU9PQ9q3MVbk5AHF96v9D58ha04Y1NVc37KV/O40vUqFw7DrNKeoramR24KUJcUbUFTBqYEf1OwyeqL3tNqi1Y9bO4cfwzMTgT449FfM1yUeeX8TBejlnsf910o1Mq7zB16UGoEmESehrJ4CkwF7MmoSewMi4iSB4WHEykgT3DrMiO81vN7EYLfpXXWQHvP/bLhvrPYCPXSCc107uAal/fAqrOt2nfnLgff8S4961IS3Hyw8znZtcp7cluZTOCv/fW3fBUVAyEqcB4Y31V4CtPu46uxUhJS5O/iV/6rZ+QblPIUUTFIzzdZw=Correct.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 13 of your textbook to find the ULs.
Question 5.8
P1dRe9zVqmjlCOspWIxdmhC0mBvk8ILzoR9t0mkyyUhKKmte26AK3ud8H5jfT89vv2Tu5u/sALSK35kwN4fxsCiFU/6IQE8YnsyN3ioC0zakAZNomyUFNd29aKNPp6/18eHTIvtdyfy9Us1xu6C4B6E8WLiAW2/0+TgyFJAGb7HkZWIINWolq7tT0YaFbUOrSik283kzgeuuVkKCNWIeNWh5qCt8oHmAWODjIEbi/Et2QfbBINVgk9RbgrcyXkxeA1cuLKDcH07M6zocTqqMVL34ysEQDASJJH4OlKnFN4jT+p8mEzX6tPKdw0dYTgdi5Txx2Z2q17Y/s+yYcqXAceSoBMsHWPay4ARNZt6ixiar4kctU5aXY8umuW3a/hZrYDk+Lij9mhMr4R8s9gtZA9Agxt3hzjk9avnTTL1pJ4dWhLScCorrect.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 13 of your textbook to find the ULs.
Question 5.9
WaBv5da/pSr24uhI3E1fz2EKM6kMXsCM9jDBgatHhvFZIONXTd8HjGU3A2urzrA0IC54AjhV2kzCp1q8Y6BeUF4V/D5UkH03ko5YWfIDfsWZu0jvs+C1zOr8ShZYuwrP3s3g1llf8wHMoJz8vXKgQX52G0d+P2TuIgzNuWr9ZRLlc34cR56/bTbT2P/fYCoOMGqLQxo6JTX4WWNsgsAY6iGPBf7PwmrbImqfvZhX93n+sQSn4Sc/D3wB+7nhLbkBaqxCj4MexpdB5Zj80XX68EcUU5shWZyVcOg3kS2Ottu5FCR6JzwBVc1IsHMf0cWyiefLtwype44lVvT9UNbna+Qj+hDn3D6VUknsDQ5MlFb4oWTVNK8T+nuu5FoL23e5Xe8cl8ecxqQhimoXVQ7R5UX4QvvWt+iI+AjTXq0p9LgX8BVtCorrect.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 13 of your textbook to find the ULs.
Question 5.10
QsZUB/Ua8eTm9izTj7tTVUAGCcWxbc+TFGafqMG8Nw3MgHlXDq9YTqUK98nKUzol4LVMGCHNbkPMzRE5I3F9OzRoPvqLM2A68+YZ8no4OwKnkYxO6v5VljxUK3ccF66vkvDG1qIUp616we/1YXPXPx8M5Kh76jOe6lw1h8B25Z3G+GkxTg3Kd7Z1jlMMavh3eV8BPbuEWol8c0Oh46ruI2cY6HXcw8QPKMBr3YLi6jz2vd8X4PEMyNu/zGtjYDm2PN2TQu7l4veWd08Dt1w16NfWAB+MtiOebkGB8WDiUeA8J7onGcffeH7ptD8RxrgXBVPJjvyeTkd5Jy6mi2gn3w==Question 5.11
hvuYa8+OrhPxmFReaxgVvc+xa2YINoOJEJ72Cb8FfLBYMbaOY3UmzKPUTClmaS+r+51xEu5//ZhENS+nB1wsuAYbO5AbtwpZFcf1fd9exhUFdnY4/nq688FJW/gBko6m5n5xWlCEaVpdx0it3RZTgV5rlA7JGDTnwrS8EQbkefmgGfNwLVK5loQplZouHSrq2u00vIuAu+wgxHabGoT+dDgdqE3oVZf9Question 5.12
NDsEBdh2eSg293JySqkXXvAVJLms4k33hI2ECVpC2TOtaNP4wH1qdj4zZuHJO19Mo9uyGPYv85OU4ZuYe8J89wZyPTP9SCWt5WxLIfL9dR/Dh7LRJVjFM5hZkkeer2iFFNhxxpMffo/0kaRACeihfZtljCL/RreJYeeqisJqC414Mhjtn5yBUrfoZlRxpW6TEVf/NOQsdcOh/h5SebfTyJczsepezzBvQrvp5CSyS7mKi1f5JuAqonvGFmMwRnCFGHxpRk/SPzNlJyG2BEGBrxP3x+UKuf6jC1TIAg8KwwrfwodUsJvTfOBYxiePNItImFkoQjC05ufXDwXSgrQ5US4Q5FrH+k3NQuestion 5.13
T+6MlT9EaaXnS585Cxi27OC4l2aLlpScmptxBQQ/gwdKBpAyllpBsNR9hH3/SOyr62HfmaPJfdCkmfhKqPJ5Ap6TBruZO2tH7GlL9ZPrxz7QU54o6Jv7fWEUsl4/hwwC+cX1n6dbCGHGzlZKye/FLr5wnkpf/xvynpPmgxJaT6HsGhiyRMyGXD3bpZC+FL8sYrcP6dkM1Ru/lnAlhGUdTCSLfE+/vSMyxfYmKHPGs4HBUhBCMNRVdLTd0meZrINqGl7HyutONj7otMMLCorrect.
Incorrect.
Question 5.14
uUDoKjeS8BJUYj9RApS0Vr9TuxGDrluRID+OHuyGSdwqJUR1Ey9+fs+7unYGYvopnpD3FoZJO4oYv90KcGBTTFiPa+jPCcE4BkDUwHK5aWHNtqFaucWd1u+raEaCJVohYpH0buwtVbJlyLWxH1SsNFVPYdlV5SnqkDFJFIwWB65CSwsiMiNjQBi8QetERpy18OALFJmcEI91EcCUNeacW3bWMTB0jp8K8IkRkZU8UkJbhKiUibWT7zDyI3oI64H5k47EWQ==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.15
WuzMD/m1S8UJqSlDj7EkK9tv8tIS1TsGjyvCOcHJsi0zQyMdpYL5NCQiGxaydhFw3vcaFnkdE/l7kCm+f45chWe+lB+3zA2ORLiSyQ7+xC2hIQ8HwQeWRdfJdPxlv79tCNpGpQf9myR6AoxAy3nI0D9xQOjNrVFbj4yi9H5ToYQGqBUsvo998RxU0LVKwOTxvoC1ZCcB2x82W1TFl63VwetVFBEPUm5Qv96xQH9D2y0BLojpE5urMcazLr6ETZxjFABKrISEMGEwGu0/2ujHgQ==Correct.
Incorrect.
Question 5.16
FbLtZL9t9HBZZiDioltC4bLj8pJBa+ozzVruubjE4bqHkVYDyIU27sTARipMQp965N6FcUSrUQh8t1Q156/rVQ9zzE0nv6iI2JgYc9VeqCH/hFWEBsVPc1s8gESkLai9iqzHfeMKB5FJecYL5LrpRcd7orsyPTjF6grIHXXNbkSCbIEbsg4HCCXWjXrJ2IxatOQq4obfchGxnQd6JWQGf2HJWm6iqLGvYezHrzLms/gKfN7Mf/xzlsQ6sh4GB1rLPE9L6CiLlfqNMbjRCorrect.
Incorrect.
Question 5.17
G3dCpkIuK2M9h5My4p+02Q6Z/wBKtnKp3w1eiuNup31niqVkZZRHsKQDtgN3zB0Cf5+aCLs07kPAinhOZPeceW2qbA+u7MqE9GTL9uypgiJ3l9vUIIS1Z2EIyrqZ4UZ79z213yZomRiacwJ8SAxUDilDCp+tkewp1avKbvALv+FrU8/UjtPEg63UrWK7BXyVOqG+Q8/bACZCFjjiXrHVY2n4nJekCJU85k0lCUsyTAJP12cnYYc66KrxjMVKvas970iWHEZDKoOSm6lb4+xLnQoS7y9dAne9F2JS1Cenx27RxFCbIHizWWmGqfPZYG4KCorrect.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 14 of your textbook to find the ULs. Remember that µg, mcg, and microgram are all the same unit, and 1000 micrograms is equal to 1 milligram.
Question 5.18
4ZzrmRioFr5sq6B60En+5TmExN1fdEQDY0yrawETZgdUjHg81eEYOD+gt3/c6zVLmkCAE3Tubqfy4L6t6zKE1wzkXvUqRzwon00iJYcUrDQNBeH+tnZmmV1O1W/9KPsWoH0JnTkgU4eTGMYX1W9s4Ez7t845YfrV/UMFs6A5ADi6ojax6zOXR0h+aonBm/+uT0G5Zb97lQljhbYMazUHy5wsc1Hn0YqOLQUJzonIQ9mT7HfFo88qUiO9REZZDpZ0MnoI6KneBZEoKD6CuDvDsof/sglFFYIES+WXGlqUZlVKxoVZ+R3tUgayJOSJUrGuCorrect.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 14 of your textbook to find the ULs. Remember that µg, mcg, and microgram are all the same unit, and 1000 micrograms is equal to 1 milligram.
Question 5.19
68ODVQXdR91XkIw38N71euCQxxZKQycN7yvx1DyPUL317sACE30IwxgqmrOnuGYLhYjMdmvjA0POokR7hjCUh5Cg0ULLYlxrkDkHH1FC1dR+msfyIccslDYV89J8yN21WUWjuMipCl0uidLfSrGX+YNH1HlHgxD305HSH8/gYv33y6A1FTmU8xR1Ba4qd/n+Xsqg1oq+TxeDUAkDBd8gQgXvvR8572dTvACF1UsFQnlyrVNRHayC+aDyYoRaiolLoNpPhTvZF103rz194wvoVTb1+glexURzhYj7B5A2CNIr35xMLztRsjN9ReIL8e7BB+0Rjg==Correct.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 14 of your textbook to find the ULs. Remember that µg, mcg, and microgram are all the same unit, and 1000 micrograms is equal to 1 milligram.
Question 5.20
GafnVbKqNXtT6bikHnp9LHRbAJem8FKmrQF0poU0aD9mMl2zo9S+DpRSM/iNIivUGILfYnXf6BxQ5XARg4/ko+QwsvOwC6x4RzgLZ2DkoBRbm/XJZ7vS/dTvUc0fuT2iCX2nYV8UzMrCY2S1bvp5ObbquxaJO3McRmkKNKa2HkdKBjshwvwdV5oZB7IBMkonNH09ub8spI7QQKFFuy21fATsZsMghZKjGXdGhz9aOq9FSlMUDvXZlzL6OMRfwCOIfevCT3AgwFYIyZyXC/nXM9LouMpZEsKP+asGdZR8jjeloHFBRL4d18MnphzTvmacCorrect.
Incorrect.
Check chapter 14 of your textbook to find the ULs. Remember that µg, mcg, and microgram are all the same unit, and 1000 micrograms is equal to 1 milligram.
Question 5.21
4Mh5O1ZL51pPLXpnl6D6wTIL3szYm0pefOOlyp9EjFW3NArjZgk4fJ8cEGcDaRbVP8JKqJpjv8pNhP5Si1LOalh7IvJqEYnbQeGsv3djZ6ebyYJOj3FF3rDk4aEkrzMb3h4RtIKaLx16O96/DuPW7B+eiRwRruOlWnkdej9d4mEuZ/VC0XCm1lWH+g9dJ6Tsmoe9/uptmGWnYKlLHo6Jz7SlMuym43NzEz2Gz0e95QINTX9+9r66GadQZB1nz4QM/S8/pAw3OrVe7NJ6ocYYUXw995ypC0mrZRcVttH0JZe6U0sNY+DjJpVkSL8BvFLEhxiDzEsy8jx4mEvex6GqTA==Question 5.22
PTervvPqQtbZZntqgdX5H9a1KyTpbnIK/5k6onVVBtffN7MSII6TxwYgDIC9L2hKw8WrMGjcGo49kniOLQX41ngha+hgNafC19AB6IKQ2WLmo2km9BOymknWvAk4DjlFJq0cRHL6AX6pXqv04pn24r6+v2v13eBs8mOglERAhlD8W2Dbceqii3xLmwWZDDa5yxPVrJEDQkdTfJ2ycjToB2rSwWx6WtwlQuestion 5.23
Hb+luxygqbsH6OZOk1WpIjXdZXdrMWHhxe/bXkgsUt2gJQI/BD7GwMV5a2ooTjVbsO4BTnbdCCl9iBh1voisEGekQc2bxp3d2/RggLrCIW9lsxxqR/qeHQuCzd8UWvLtFYI6K4oPqzi8Rw/91UCbewGqz3HEU1qKXEM4P51aMUFc0aiiHKivhWUdhvw3zzQkPq0tO+hhUPVZ+flwAbWqC/wE8iEBU1dnEaaLoKVBZsefvNXtEeYmaIuWvNtIPWY/iKmLbIdOCmGUlrAwfF9uuBC3uPDpqfF0MNSevxAyiyVxi1kt9cSssAxVnAaoQBhn3ueHg7cz6cuUxHW+Kw6Fc1pZVnD6lJkcQuestion 5.24
0FmW9pCYYtoBM+mqK0e9XIjbVB0y/vPvdiquc7URbq61CWdlyPl5PstaMK5kQRLXGfr0IvOvDT0UjQE3fYHS+IE0v5aut/s8uT3Br6pQF1ptZxjUOhAa4PfcJDy1UjSB7JIHZZ8kV1XAkCpLuGHXi/he5sAe79/ujdhlgeefv8Vq92tZ4yahRpZjjHSq8UChnUFWfSF00SVLa7/aN9H+4kQnxfVfSGjWnXm4mhLo7dHsWqtRLjVtnjnDSoBGwPmnleQ9GGHnJLA=5.3 Activity Completed!
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