rap2016_ch18

Quiz for Document 18–1: Marshall Kirkman, The Railway Army, 1894

Choose the best answer to each question.

1. Why, according to Kirkman, was “insubordination among railway men . . . as great an offense as insubordination in an army”?

Most of the railroad managers had military backgrounds.

Railroads conducted most of their business for the armed forces.

The threat of Indian attacks required railroad men to be disciplined fighters.

The railroad was so large and complex an organization that it required strict obedience.

2. How did Kirkman relate the concept of natural selection to the railroad industry?

The best workers gained promotions.

Work accidents affected only the least-fit employees.

The fittest railroad companies survived competition.

The railroads focused on services for the elite.

3. What was Kirkman’s opinion of labor unions?

He thought unions were manipulated by foreign interests.

He felt unions would create imbalance in the relationship between capital and labor.

He believed unions violated federal law.

He advocated for open dialogue between union members and management.