| Type | Description | Strategies |
|---|
| Informational | Listening to understand, learn, realize, or recognize | Listen for main ideas or details; take speaker’s perspective; use memory effectively |
| Critical | Listening to judge, analyze, or evaluate | Determine speaker’s goal; evaluate source of message; question logic, reasoning, and evidence of message |
| Empathic | Listening to provide therapy, comfort, and sympathy | Focus on speaker’s perspective; give supportive feedback; show caring; demonstrate patience; avoid judgment; focus on speaker’s goal |
| Appreciative | Listening for enjoyment of what is being presented | Remove physical and time distractions; know more about originator (author, artist, composer); explore new appreciative listening opportunities |