⚬ In the first stage, precontemplation, individuals are not ready to change their behavior, or possibly not even aware that the behavior is problematic.
⚬ In the second stage, contemplation, individuals begin to recognize the consequences of their behavior.
⚬ In the third stage, preparation, individuals move to planning and preparing for the changes they have been contemplating.
⚬ By the fourth stage, action, individuals have made changes and enacted new behaviors, which require a great deal of willpower.
⚬ In the fifth and final stage, maintenance, the behavior change is fully integrated into individuals’ lives and they work to prevent a relapse.