Language in Context

• Language reflects context. The language we use reflects who we’re around, where we are, and what sort of cultural factors are at play—that is, the context we’re in. In different contexts, we use different speech repertoires–sets of complex language styles, behaviors, and skills that we have learned. Recall from the beginning of this chapter that we need to “accommodate” our communication (that is, adjust our way of speaking with other people). Having several speech repertoires at our disposal allows us to choose the most effective and appropriate way of speaking for a given relationship, situation, or cultural environment.
• Language builds on context. At the beginning of this chapter, we wondered about the difference between calling your stepmother “Mom” versus calling her by her first name. It’s an example of language building on context. If your stepmother raised you and is your primary maternal figure, you might well call her “Mom.” But if your relationship with her is strained, you are close to your own biological or adopted mother, or your stepmother entered your life once you were an adult, you may prefer to call her by her name. As you develop relationships, you learn how people prefer to be addressed (and how you are comfortable addressing them), and you adjust your language accordingly.
• Language determines context. We can also create context by the language we use. If your professor says, “Call me Veronica,” one context is created (informal, first-name basis, more equal). If she says, “I’m Dr. Esquivel,” you will likely have expectations for a more formal context (less personal, less equal). This context will then influence your choice of speech repertoires—you’re more likely to tell “Veronica” about your weekend plans than “Dr. Esquivel.”