Figure 17.20 Effects of mutualists on the abundance and diversity of a coral reef fish community. After 18 months of removing cleaner fish, (a) the abundance of individual fish declined by about three-quarters and (b) the number of species declined by about half. Error bars are standard errors.
Data from A. S. Grutter et al., Cleaner fish drives local fish diversity on coral reefs, Current Biology 13 (2003): 64–67.