16: Reconstruction 1863–1877

Introduction

Wartime Reconstruction

“To Bind Up the Nation’s Wounds”

Land and Labor

The African American Quest for Autonomy

Documenting the American Promise: The Meaning of Freedom

Presidential Reconstruction

Johnson’s Program of Reconciliation

White Southern Resistance and Black Codes

Expansion of Federal Authority and Black Rights

Congressional Reconstruction

The Fourteenth Amendment and Escalating Violence

Radical Reconstruction and Military Rule

Impeaching a President

The Fifteenth Amendment and Women’s Demands

The Struggle in the South

Freedmen, Yankees, and Yeomen

Republican Rule

White Landlords, Black Sharecroppers

Historical Question: What Did the Ku Klux Klan Really Want?

Visualizing History: A Post-Slavery Encounter

Reconstruction Collapses

Grant’s Troubled Presidency

Northern Resolve Withers

White Supremacy Triumphs

An Election and a Compromise

Conclusion: “A Revolution But Half Accomplished”

Selected Bibliography

Reviewing Chapter 16

Key Terms

Review Questions

Making Connections

Linking to the Past

Timeline

Glossary

Index