roarkconcise5e

Chapter 12 Summative Quiz

Multiple Choice

Choose the letter of the best answer.

Question

1. Why did so many migrants move to the Midwest between 1830 and 1860?

The Indians of the Midwest were quick to cooperate with the settlers.

Slaveholders hoped to settle the area for cotton plantations.

Workers in the timber industry capitalized on the large number of trees there.

The rich soil made conditions favorable to farming.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is D.

Question

2. Why did American manufacturers, unlike their European counterparts, invent labor-saving methods and devices during the first half of the nineteenth century?

The government offered tax incentives to new innovations and inventions.

Workers were unreliable and lacked the work ethic needed for optimal production.

American colleges had superior engineering schools that encouraged innovation.

Workers were in limited supply and thus more expensive.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is D.

Question

3. The "American system" of standardized parts allowed manufacturers to

hire less expensive, unskilled workers.

abandon human labor in favor of mechanization.

produce the same amount of product but with less labor.

produce more than agricultural workers but with more labor.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is A.

Question

4. Supporters of the free-labor ideal claimed that the system

opened up doors to even the least-hard-working segments of the population.

allowed hired laborers to become self-employed.

provided slaves with well-deserved compensation for their labor.

rewarded Americans born into wealth or status.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is B.

Question

5. What did free-labor proponents believe about education?

It offered another opportunity for Americans to achieve their potential.

Classrooms provided another venue to denounce slave-labor systems.

It was a waste of time and took away from the real business of earning money.

Education was important, but it should not be government funded.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is A.

Question

6. What did New York journalist and armchair expansionist John L. O'Sullivan mean when he coined the term manifest destiny in 1845?

The United States should expand into Canada and Mexico as soon as possible.

Americans were destined by a higher power to create a worldwide empire.

The United States should take advantage of economic turmoil in Europe to gain new markets.

Americans had the God-given right to expand their civilization across the continent.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is D.

Question

7. Why were Mexico's northern borderlands vulnerable to American expansionists?

Mexico was plagued by civil war and could not defend its northern provinces.

Northern Mexico had a strong, wealthy economy that Americans could exploit.

Northern Mexico was dominated by Protestants who shared Americans' religious beliefs.

Native Americans secretly welcomed American invaders.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is A.

Question

8. How was President James Polk able to add Oregon to U.S. holdings?

He annexed it without Britain's approval.

He bought it from the British for the price of the Louisiana Purchase.

He authorized military action and seized it.

He renewed an old offer to divide Oregon along the forty-ninth parallel.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is D.

Question

9. What was President Polk's strategy to win the Mexican-American War?

To delegate all military planning to military experts

To divide and conquer Mexico, beginning with the northern provinces

To quickly capture the southern provinces and then take Mexico City

To win a battle or two and force Mexico to sue for peace

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is D.

Question

10. How did many abolitionists in the 1840s and 1850s attempt to make their issue more attractive to white northerners?

They called for a complete and immediate end to slavery in the United States.

They advocated slave insurrections against plantation owners.

They called for limitations on the geographic expansion of slavery.

They called for slavery to end by 1870.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is C.

Question

11. Who founded the "underground railroad" to help fugitive slaves escape from the South?

William Wells Brown

Harriet Tubman

Martin Delany

Frederick Douglass

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is B.

Question

12. In 1855, African American leaders saw their most notable success to date when, in Massachusetts,

public schools were integrated.

blacks received voting rights.

slavery was abolished.

gradual emancipation was approved.

Correct.

Incorrect. The answer is A.