Correct. The answer is b. As evidence that cotton served as the impetus for the changes that made the South increasingly distinctive from the North during the nineteenth century, the author shows that the growing profitability of cotton cultivation led to a dramatic increase in the region’s slave population. In 1790, when the invention of the cotton gin first made cotton commercially significant, the South had about 700,000 slaves but, as cotton crops produced increasing profits, the Southern slave population grew to 2 million in 1840 and 4 million in 1860.
Incorrect. The answer is b. As evidence that cotton served as the impetus for the changes that made the South increasingly distinctive from the North during the nineteenth century, the author shows that the growing profitability of cotton cultivation led to a dramatic increase in the region’s slave population. In 1790, when the invention of the cotton gin first made cotton commercially significant, the South had about 700,000 slaves but, as cotton crops produced increasing profits, the Southern slave population grew to 2 million in 1840 and 4 million in 1860.