EXERCISE 19–7Correcting sentence fragments

Repair any fragment by attaching it to a nearby sentence or by rewriting it as a complete sentence. If a word group is correct, do not change it. Answers may vary. Before working the exercise, read the example, which is the first sentence in the paragraph from which the sentences are taken.

Click Submit after each question to see feedback and to record your answer. After you have finished every question, your answers will be submitted to your instructor’s gradebook. You may review your answers by returning to the exercise at any time. (An exercise reports to the gradebook only if your instructor has assigned it.)

Example

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The purpose of having good manners is to make people feel comfortable. And to avoid hurting their feelings.

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Good manners are defined differently in different places. For example, in some cultures diners burp to show their appreciation, but in other cultures a person who burps is expected to say “Excuse me.”

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Rules of etiquette also change over time. Because cultures are constantly evolving.

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In the United States a hundred years ago, etiquette books devoted long passages to hats. Explaining when hats should be worn and, especially, when they should be removed.

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Emily Post wrote a popular book on manners in 1922. In it, she noted that “a gentleman does not keep his hat on in the presence of ladies in a house.”

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This rule and many similar ones are little known or are generally ignored today. Even by the few men who still wear hats.

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In Emily Post’s day, one gesture that was almost always considered rude was pointing at someone. Which implied that the pointer was accusing the other person of some misbehavior.

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When teaching their children manners, few parents today are likely to insist that pointing is always rude. At least in American culture.

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Pointing at others to ridicule them still makes a person look impolite. However, many people now point at friends and acquaintances as an informal way of indicating approval or saying hello.

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Today’s etiquette experts, such as advice columnist Miss Manners, make Emily Post seem quaintly old-fashioned. But half a century from now may seem quaint themselves.

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