After previewing, begin reading carefully for meaning, trying especially to identify the writer’s main point and the support for that point.

MAIN POINT, PURPOSE, AND AUDIENCE

The main point of a reading is the central idea the author wants to communicate. The main point is related to the writer’s purpose, which can be to explain, to demonstrate, to persuade, or to entertain, and to his or her intended audience, which can range from specific (say, a particular person) to general (any reader of a periodical). Writers often introduce their main point early, so read the first few paragraphs with special care. If the writer has stated the main point in a single sentence, double-underline it.

SUPPORT

Support is the evidence that shows, explains, or proves the main point. The author might use statistics, facts, definitions, and scientific results for support, or he or she might use memories, stories, comparisons, quotations from experts, and personal observations.

Not all support is good support. When you are reading, ask yourself: What information is the author including to help me understand or agree with the main point? Is the support (evidence) valid and convincing? If not, why not?

Here’s an example of a well-constructed paragraph. The main point is double-underlined, and the support is underlined.

Making a plan for your college studies is a good way to reach your academic goals. The first step to planning is answering this question: “What do I want to be?” If you have only a general idea — for example, “I would like to work in the health-care field” — break this large area into smaller, more specific subfields. These subfields might include working as a registered nurse, a nurse practitioner, or a physical therapist. The second step to planning is to meet with an academic adviser to talk about the classes you will need to take to get a degree or certificate in your chosen field. Then, map out the courses you will be taking over the next couple of semesters. Throughout the whole process, bear in mind the words of student mentor Ed Powell: “Those who fail to plan, plan to fail.” A good plan boosts your chances of success in college and beyond.