7.16 Undue influence? Undue influence in obtaining informed consent often occurs through an offer of an excessive or inappropriate reward or other overture in order to obtain compliance. Which of the following circumstances do you believe constitutes undue influence? Discuss.
(a) The patients of a physician are asked to participate in a study in which the physician is also the investigator.
(b) A professor asks a student to participate in a research study. He tells the student that everyone else in the class has agreed to participate.
(c) Research subjects are paid in exchange for their participation.