7.27 Sham surgery? Clinical trials like the Parkinson’s disease study mentioned in Example 6 are becoming more common. One medical researcher says, “This is just the beginning. Tomorrow, if you have a new procedure, you will have to do a double-blind placebo trial.” Example 6 outlines the arguments for and against testing surgery just as drugs are tested. When would you allow sham surgery in a clinical trial of a new surgery?