IV.28. Simpson’s paradox. If we compare average 2015 SAT mathematics scores, we find that female college-bound seniors in Connecticut do better than female college-bound seniors in New York. But if we look only at white students, New York does better. If we look only at minority students, New York again does better. That’s Simpson’s paradox: the comparison reverses when we lump all students together. Explain carefully why this makes sense, using the fact that a much higher percentage of Connecticut female college-bound seniors are white.