Page 521 Case Study: The case study is based on a survey conducted by the Higher Education Research Institute at UCLA. The 2013 survey results can be found at www.heri.ucla.edu/monographs/TheAmericanFreshman2013-Expanded.pdf, and the 2014 survey results can be found at www.heri.ucla.edu/monographs/TheAmericanFreshman2014-Expanded.pdf. The article from Inside Higher Education can be found at www.insidehighered.com/news/2015/02/05/face-face-socializing-down-social-media-use-among-freshmen.

Page 522 Example 1: An important historical version of this example is discussed by Sir Ronald A. Fisher, The Design of Experiments, Hafner Publishing, 1971, pp. 11–26. A reissue of this book is available from Oxford University Press (1990) in Statistical Methods, Experimental Design, and Statistical Inference, by R. A. Fisher. Fisher’s version discusses a tea-tasting experiment.

Page 529 Statistical significance: Discussion of the origins of 0.05 as a level of significance comes from Michael Cowles and Caroline Davis, “On the origins of the .05 level of statistical significance,” American Psychologist, 37 (1982), pp. 553–558.

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Page 531 Example 4: The inspiration for this example comes from a report published online at www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2013/08/130806203327.htm/.

Page 533 Example 5: The inspiration for this example comes from the Bureau of Labor Statistics’s American Time Use Survey. Results from the 2014 survey can be found online at www.bls.gov/tus/tables/a1_2014.pdf.

Page 537 Exercise 22.4: The inspiration for this example comes from a Pew Research Center report posted in October 2013 at www.journalism.org/2013/10/11/how-americans-get-tv-news-at-home/.

Page 538 Exercise 22.10: Manisha Chandalia et al., “Beneficial effects of high dietary fiber intake in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,” New England Journal of Medicine, 342 (2000), pp. 1392–1398.

Page 539 Exercise 22.11: Arthur Schatzkin et al., “Lack of effect of a low-fat, high-fiber diet on the recurrence of colorectal adenomas,” New England Journal of Medicine, 342 (2000), pp. 1149–1155.

Page 539 Exercise 22.12: Seung-Ok Kim, “Burials, pigs, and political prestige in Neolithic China,” Current Anthropology, 35 (1994), pp. 119–141.

Page 539 Exercise 22.13: Fekri A. Hassan, “Radiocarbon chronology of predynastic Nagada settlements, Upper Egypt,” Current Anthropology, 25 (1984), pp. 681–683.

Page 539 Exercise 22.14: Sara J. Solnick and David Hemenway, “The deadweight loss of Christmas: comment,” American Economic Review, 86 (1996), pp. 1299–1305.

Page 540 Exercise 22.15: There is some evidence that part of the reason that 39% may be an overstatement of church attendance is that the same people who go to church are likely to agree to participate in national surveys run by the National Opinion Research Center. See Robert D. Woodberry, “When surveys lie and people tell the truth: how surveys oversample church attenders,” American Sociological Review, 63 (1998), pp. 119–122.

Page 540 Exercise 22.18: See the website http://newsroom.ucla.edu/portal/ucla/political-engagement-of-college-78404.aspx for details about the 2008–2009 academic year survey.

Page 540 Exercise 22.19: See the website http://www.ncaa.org/about/resources/research/graduation-rates for information on graduation rates of student athletes.

Page 541 Exercise 22.21: Alexander Todorov et al., “Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes,” Science, 308 (2005), pp. 1623–1626.

Page 543 Exercise 22.30: The information shared in this exercise comes from a Pew Research Center report posted online at www.pewinternet.org/2015/09/10/what-the-public-knows-and-does-not-know-about-science/2015-09-10_science-knowledge_1_01/.

Page 543 Exercise 22.32: Eric Ossiander, letter to the editor, Science, 257 (1992), p. 1461.

Page 543 Exercise 22.33: N. Teed, K. L. Adrian, and R. Knoblouch, “The duration of speed reductions attributable to radar detectors,” Accident Analysis and Prevention, 25 (1991), pp. 131–137. This is one of the Electronic Encyclopedia of Statistical Examples and Exercises (EESEE) case studies, available at http://whfreeman.com/catalog/static/whf/eesee.

Page 545 Exercise 22.39: B. Rind and D. Strohmetz, “Effect of beliefs about future weather conditions on restaurant tipping,” Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 31 (2001), pp. 2160–2164.

Page 545 Exercise 22.40: Lawrence K. Altman, “Studies rebut earlier report on pledges of virginity,” New York Times, June 15, 2005.