Page 66 For more detail on the limits of memory in surveys, see N. M. Bradburn, L. J. Rips, and S. K. Shevell, “Answering autobiographical questions: the impact of memory and inference on surveys,” Science, 236 (1987), pp. 157–
Page 67 Example 3: For more on the effect of race, see Gregory Flemming and Kimberly Parker, “Race and reluctant respondents: possible consequences of non-
Page 67 For more detail on nonsampling errors, along with references, see P. E. Converse and M. W. Traugott, “Assessing the accuracy of polls and surveys,” Science, 234 (1986), pp. 1094–
Page 69 Example 4: For information about the response rates for the American Community Survey of households (there is a separate sample of group quarters), go to www.census.gov/
Page 70 Example 5: This example comes from a report “Polling when public attention is limited: different questions, different results,” at www.pewresearch.org/
Page 71 Example 6: The questions are from a Gallup Poll, April 9–
Page 72 The quotation on weighting is from Adam Clymer and Janet Elder, “Poll finds greater confidence in Democrats,” New York Times, November 10, 1999.
Page 73 Example 7: The most recent account of the design of the CPS is the BLS Handbook of Methods, available online at www.bls.gov/
Page 76 A detailed description of the methods Gallup uses in its World Poll can be found online at www.gallup.com/
Page 76 For more information on web surveys, see the special issue by Public Opinion Quarterly at http:/
Page 77 Example 10: Rachel Sherman and John Hickner, “Academic physicians use placebos in clinical practice and believe in the mind-
Page 84 Exercise 4.10: The quotation is from the Gallup website, www.gallup.com/
Page 84 Exercise 4.11: See “Fewer young people say I do—
Page 84 Exercise 4.12: Details of the survey can be found online at www.collegeparents.org/
Page 85 Exercise 4.14: Giuliana Coccia, “An overview of non-
Page 85 Exercise 4.15: The first question is from a CBS News/New York Times poll, April 30–
Page 85 Exercise 4.16: The first question is from a CBS News/New York Times poll, December 4–
Page 86 Exercise 4.18: The questions are from a Quinnipiac University poll, April 16–
Page 87 Exercise 4.21: Janet Hook, “Views of economy brighten, WSJ/NBC poll finds,” Wall Street Journal, January 20, 2015, available online at www.wsj.com/
Page 87 Exercise 4.22: Noam Scheiber and Dalia Sussman, “Inequality troubles Americans across party lines, Times/CBS poll finds,” New York Times, June 3, 2015, available online at www.nytimes.com/
Page 88 Exercise 4.24: D. Goleman, “Pollsters enlist psychologists in quest for unbiased results,” New York Times, September 7, 1993.
Page 89 Exercise 4.32: From the online “Supplementary Material” for G. Gaskell et al., “Worlds apart? The reception of genetically modified foods in Europe and the U.S.,” Science, 285 (1999), pp. 384–
Page 91 Exercise 4.39: The first question is from an NBC News/Wall Street Journal poll conducted by the polling organizations of Peter Hart (D) and Robert Teeter (R), November 8–