___________ describes the use of force to acquire scarce resources.
Aggression
Frustration
Goal setting
Sociality
a
Question
2
Someone who hacks into your computer, steals your personal information, and uses it to purchase goods and services in your name is acting on the principle of
aggression.
social cognition.
negative affect.
frustration–aggression.
d
Question
3
Why are acts of aggression—from violent crime to athletic brawls—more likely to occur on hot days when people are feeling irritated and uncomfortable?
frustration
negative affect
resource scarcity
biology and culture interaction
b
Question
4
What is the single best predictor of aggression?
temperament
age
gender
status
c
Question
5
The prisoner’s dilemma game illustrates
the hypothesis-confirming bias.
the diffusion of responsibility.
group polarization.
the benefits and costs of cooperation.
d
Question
6
Which of the following is NOT a downside of being in a group?
Groups are positively prejudiced toward other members and tend to discriminate in their favor.
Groups often show prejudice and discrimination toward nonmembers.
Groups sometimes make poor decisions.
Groups may take extreme actions an individual member would not take alone.
a
Question
7
Which of the following BEST describes reciprocal altruism?
people becoming less concerned with personal values through immersion in a group
anxiety, loneliness, and depression being caused by exclusion from a group
cooperation extended over long periods of time
the evolutionary process by which individuals cooperate with their relatives
c
Question
8
Which of the following is NOT an explanation for increased selectivity by women in choosing a mate?
Sex is potentially more costly for women than for men.
Communal styles of child-rearing argue for increased selectivity.
The reputational costs of sex are historically much higher for women than for men.
Pregnancy increases women’s nutritional requirements and puts them at risk of illness and death.
b
Question
9
In terms of attraction, which of the following is a situational factor?
proximity
similarity
appearance
personality
a
Question
10
Currently, the probability of marrying by age 40 is approximately ___________ for American men and ___________ for American women.
50%; 50%
90%; 10%
80%; 85%
10%; 90%
c
Question
11
The hypothesis that people remain in relationships only as long as they perceive a favorable ratio of costs to benefits is referred to as
companionate love.
the exposure effect.
social exchange.
equity.
c
Question
12
The ___________ motive describes how people are motivated to experience pleasure and to avoid experiencing pain.
emotional
accuracy
approval
hedonic
d
Question
13
The tendency to do what authorities tell us to do is known as
persuasion.
obedience.
conformity.
the self-fulfilling prophecy.
b
Question
14
What is the process by which people come to understand others?
dispositional attribution
the accuracy motive
social cognition
cognitive dissonance
c
Question
15
The tendency to make a dispositional attribution even when a person’s behavior was caused by the situation is referred to as