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Chapter 1. Scientific American: Psychology

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1.1 Quiz

1.

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A variable that is intentionally manipulated by a researcher using the experimental method is called a(n) ___________ variable.

A.
B.
C.
D.

2.

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Dr. Gonzalez is conducting an experiment on water consumption and exam performance. She divides participants into three groups: no extra water, two 8-ounce cups of water, and four 8-ounce cups of water. She then compares the average exam scores for the groups to see if water consumption before exams influences participant performance. In this study, the dependent variable is:

A.
B.
C.
D.

3.

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A researcher uses the experimental method to determine if texting while driving causes more accidents. Even if she includes an experimental and control group, it is still possible that a(n) ________ can interfere with the outcome of her experiment.

A.
B.
C.
D.

4.

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Professor Yoon is testing the effects of alcohol consumption on driving ability. He will divide his 100 participants (all over age 21) into four groups. Which of the following would be the best way to assign participants to the experimental and control groups?

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B.
C.
D.

5.

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A subset of participants that is chosen to reflect the population of interest is called a(n):

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B.
C.
D.

6.

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__________ is the only type of research method that can determine cause-and-effect relationships between variables.

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B.
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D.

7.

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Dr. Marvin is conducting a study to determine whether a new medication is effective in reducing pain associated with migraines. His study is funded by a grant from the pharmaceutical company that developed and produces the medication. Given the potential for experimenter bias in this study, what method should be employed to make sure Dr. Marvin’s expectations and unintentional behaviors do not unwittingly change the outcome of the study?

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B.
C.
D.

8.

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If you were recruiting college students for a study, you could use a random number generator to select potential participants from your college student directory. With this method you would be using a(n) ________ to avoid introducing bias into your research.

A.
B.
C.
D.