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Chapter 1. Chapter

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Scientific American: Psychology

Infographic Activity 10.2 The Social-Cognitive Perspective on Personality

The Social-Cognitive Perspective on Personality

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Social-cognitive theorists rejected behaviorists' exclusive focus on observable behavior. Acknowledging that personality may be shaped through learning, social-cogntive theorists such as Albert Bandura also emphasized the roles of cognition and environmental influences on behavior. Bandura's theory of reciprocal determinism shows how cognition, behaviors, and the environment all interact to determine our personality.

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1.1 Quiz

1. According to a psychologist who adheres to the behavioral model, the primary factor that shapes personality is ________.

striving for superiority

the drive for self-actualization

the unconscious

learning

Correct.

Incorrect.

2. Which theorist proposed the social-cognitive theory of reciprocal determinism?

Daniel Teague

Julius Rotter

Albert Bandura

Paul Costa

Correct.

Incorrect.

3. Within the reciprocal determinism model, which of the following is not one of the interconnected factors that shapes personality?

Cognition

Environment

Attitudes

Behavior

Correct.

Incorrect.

4. Kaitlynn used to think of herself as a “big partier,” but now she is in college and feels that she should be much more responsible with her time. When she is asked to go to a party by some friends, she tells them, “I can’t go. I’m a student now, and I need to focus on studying.” Kaitlynn’s view of herself has been impacted by which component of the reciprocal determinism model?

Locus of responsibility

Attributions

Self-perception

The environment

Correct.

Incorrect.

5. Which of the following would be an example of inappropriate expectations based on one's experiences?

My girlfriend does not like it when I am rude to a waiter in a restaurant, so I’d better start being more polite if I don’t want her to break up with me.

I didn’t do well on the last exam because I didn’t study, but the material has been easier this time so I’ll probably do better even if I don’t study.

When I drive at lower speeds on the highway, I get better gas mileage. I want to save money, so I will drive the speed limit from now on.

I don’t particularly like when my cat jumps on my bed to sleep with me at night, so I will buy him his own cat bed and teach him to sleep there.

Correct.

Incorrect.