acculturative stress approach–approach conflict approach–avoidance conflict acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) avoidance–avoidance conflict biofeedback burnout coping daily hassles distress emotion-focused coping eustress general adaptation syndrome (GAS) hardiness health psychology human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) lymphocytes posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) primary appraisal problem-focused coping psychoneuroimmunology secondary appraisal social support stress stressors Type A personality Type B personality uplifts | A coping strategy in which a person addresses the emotions that surround a problem, as opposed to trying to solve it. The stress response to unpleasant and undesirable stressors. A specific pattern of physiological reactions to stressors that includes the alarm stage, resistance stage, and exhaustion stage. A coping strategy in which a person deals directly with a problem by attempting to solve and address it head-on. A type of conflict in which one must choose between two or more options that are attractive. Stress that occurs when people move to new countries or cultures and must adjust to a new way of life. The assistance we acquire from others. The response to perceived threats or challenges resulting from stimuli or events that cause strain. Type of white blood cell produced in the bone marrow whose job is to battle enemies such as viruses and bacteria. One’s initial assessment of a situation to determine its personal impact and whether it is irrelevant, positive, challenging, or harmful. Stimuli that cause physiological, psychological, and emotional reactions. A psychological disorder characterized by exposure to or being threatened by an event involving death, serious injury, or sexual violence; can include disturbing memories, nightmares, flashbacks, and other distressing symptoms. Relaxed, patient, and nonaggressive pattern of behaviors. The field that studies the relationships among psychological factors, the nervous system, and immune system functioning. A personality characteristic indicating an ability to remain resilient and optimistic despite intensely stressful situations. This condition, caused by HIV, generally results in a severely compromised immune system, which makes the body vulnerable to other infections. The stress response to agreeable or positive stressors. A type of conflict in which one is faced with two or more options that are unattractive. The study of the biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to illness and health. Minor and regularly occurring problems that can act as stressors. The cognitive, behavioral, and emotional abilities used to effectively manage something that is perceived as difficult or challenging. A type of conflict that occurs when one is faced with a choice or situation that has favorable and unfavorable characteristics. An assessment to determine how to respond to a challenging or threatening situation. Emotional, mental, and physical fatigue that results in reduced motivation, enthusiasm, and performance. A virus transferred via bodily fluids (blood, semen, vaginal secretions, or breast milk) that causes the breakdown of the immune system, eventually resulting in AIDS. Competitive, aggressive, impatient, and often hostile pattern of behaviors. A technique that involves providing visual or auditory information about biological processes, allowing a person to control physiological activity (for example, heart rate, blood pressure, and skin temperature). Experiences that are positive and have the potential to make one happy. |