bar graph bimodal distribution distribution shape frequency distribution frequency polygon histogram hypothesis testing mean measures of central tendency measures of position measures of variation median meta-analysis mode negatively skewed parameters pie chart positively skewed range skewed distribution standard deviation statistical significance statistics stem-and-leaf plot | Numbers that describe characteristics of a population. A number that represents the average amount the values in a data set are away from their mean; a measure of variation. How the frequencies of the values are shaped along the x-axis. Displays classes of a variable on the x-axis, and the frequency of the data is represented as vertical bars that reach the height of the number of values. Numbers that describe the variation or dispersion in a data set. Displays qualitative data with categories of interest on the x-axis and frequency on the y-axis. A science that focuses on how to collect, organize, analyze, display, and interpret data; numbers that describe characteristics of a sample. Displays qualitative data with categories of interest represented by slices of the pie. A nonsymmetric distribution with a longer tail to the left side of the distribution; left-skewed distribution. A type of graphic display that uses lines to represent the frequency of data values. The arithmetic average of a data set; a measure of central tendency. Numbers that represent where particular data values fall in relation to other values in the data set. A number that represents the length of the data set and is a rough depiction of dispersion; a measure of variation. The value of the data set that is most frequent; a measure of central tendency. A distribution with two modes, which are the two most frequently occurring values. A type of statistical analysis that combines findings from many studies on a single topic; statistics used to merge the outcomes of many studies. Numbers that represent the middle of a data set. A simple way to portray data that displays how often various values in a data set are present. A number that represents the position in the data set for which 50% of the values are above it, and 50% are below it; a measure of central tendency. The probability that the findings of a study were due to chance. Nonsymmetrical frequency distribution. A nonsymmetric distribution with a longer tail to the right side of the distribution; right-skewed distribution. Mathematical procedures used to determine the likelihood that a researcher’s predictions are supported by the data collected. A type of graphical display that uses the actual data values in the form of leading digits and trailing digits. |