Critical Thinking Questions
- What influences of Freud’s theory of development can you identify in modern society?
- The concept of self-socialization plays a prominent role in social cognitive theories. Explain what is meant by this term. To what extent and in what ways do the other major theories reviewed in the chapter allow for the possibility of self-socialization?
- Consider your behavior when preparing for and taking tests and when receiving feedback on your academic performance. Do you see yourself as having primarily an incremental/mastery orientation or an entity/helpless orientation to academic achievement?
- Imagine yourself raising a child. Identify one or two things from each of the four types of theories discussed in this chapter that you think might be helpful to you as a parent.
- Consider Box 9.2 on attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (pages 370–371) and analyze what is discussed there in terms of Bronfenbrenner’s bioecological model.