Chapter 26 Activities

  1. What are the four steps to the problem-cause-solution pattern of arrangement?
    1. The nature of the problem (define what it is)
    2. Reasons for the problem (explain why it’s a problem, for whom, etc.)
    3. Unsatisfactory solutions (discuss those that have not worked) (optional step)
    4. Proposed solution (explain why it’s expected to work)
  2. Explain Monroe’s Motivated Sequence. Be sure you identify all five steps in order.

    Monroe’s Motivated Sequence, an organizational pattern for planning and presenting persuasive speeches, involves five steps.

    1. Attention—gain audience’s attention
    2. Need—problem or current state
    3. Satisfaction—proposed solution
    4. Visualization—anticipated outcomes associated with the solution
    5. Action—making a direct request of the audience
  3. What are the steps in a refutation pattern of arrangement?
    1. State the opposing position
    2. Describe the implications or ramifications of the opposing claim
    3. Offer arguments and evidence for your position
    4. Contrast your position with the opposing claim to drive home the superiority of your position