Acknowledgments

We are especially thankful for the contributions of several individuals who helped us develop this edition of A Speaker’s Guidebook. Thanks to Kevin Ayotte of California State University, Fresno, and Brian Kanouse of Keene State College for their contributions to the sample speeches. Thanks to Gary Russell, Quincy University, for his help with the sample speech of introduction. Special thanks to Teresa Gorrell for working with us to draft and present her speech of introduction. We would like to thank Teri Varner of St. Edward’s University and her students for their contributions to the sample speeches. We are also grateful to Kelley Cowden from the University of Kentucky for her helpful suggestions. We would like to thank LeAnne Lagasse of Texas Tech University for her excellent work revising the Instructor’s Resource Manual (originally created by Elaine Wittenberg-Lyles of the University of Texas at San Antonio and Melinda Villagran of George Mason University, and revised for the third edition by Jennifer Emerling Bone of the State University of New York, Oneonta) and Test Bank (originally created by Tom Howard of the University of Oklahoma and Merry Buchanan of the University of Central Oklahoma, and updated by Jennifer Emerling Bone). Thank you also to Bruce Sherwin and Publishers Solutions for their work on Web quizzes and other resources to accompany A Speaker’s Guidebook, Sixth Edition.

We very much appreciate the assistance of the hundreds of reviewers whose feedback and advice allowed us to make A Speaker’s Guidebook: Text and Reference, Sixth Edition, better. Please see the following pages for a list of each of these reviewers.

The sixth edition of A Speaker’s Guidebook demanded constant attention and labor from the dedicated team at Bedford/St. Martin’s. Publisher Erika Guiterrez has now been the guiding spirit for the book for over a decade, and we are ever grateful for her countless editorial, marketing, and sales contributions to its success. Senior Development Editor Lorraina Morrison devoted innumerable hours on all aspects of development, from editing chapters with great good cheer and tact, to spearheading a superb series of speech videos, to laboring over one thousand and one other details, and we are most grateful. We also thank Associate Editor Alexis Smith, whose contribution to the LearningCurve questions adds a new and vital dimension to the text; and Editorial Assistant Joanna Kamouh for her always swift and efficient help, hard work, and good instincts. Pamela Lawson, Production Editor, expertly guided the text through a complicated production process under the direction of Steven Cestaro and Elise S. Kaiser. Thanks to Thomas Kane, Senior New Media Editor for helping us to develop LaunchPad. We are grateful to Thomas Digiano, Marketing Manager, for his sales and marketing efforts.

Virtual Focus Group Participants

Marlene Atkins, The Illinois Institute of Art, Schaumburg

Steven Cohen, University of Maryland

Diana Cooley, Lone Star College, North Harris

Dustin Crosby, Southern Oregon University

Paul Crowley, Spartanburg Community College

Emilie Falc, Winona State University

Richard Harris, Southeastern University

Bruce Holmes, Stratford University

Monica Maxwell, Georgetown University

Gary Russell, Quincy University

Reviewers and Survey Respondents

Rebecca Aarestad, Waubun High School

Karen Alman, Wenatchee Valley College

Oluwunmi Ariyo, Vance Granville Community College

Kathy Berggren, Cornell University

Aria Bernstein, Georgia Perimeter College

Steven Bisch, Washington State University Tri-Cities

Becky Behm, Alexandria Technical and Community College

Esther Boucher, Worchester Polytechnic Institute

Greg Brecht, University of South Florida St. Petersburg

Carol Brown, Centralia College

Carolyn Calhoon Dillahunt, Yakima Valley Community College

Marybeth Callison, University of Georgia

Diane Carter, University of Idaho

Linda Carvalho Cooley, Reedley College

Anthony Cavaluzzi, SUNY Adirondack

Melinda Christianson, Underwood School

Jeanne Christie, Western Connecticut State University

John Castagna, Penn State Abington

Mittie Jane Crouch, Tidewater Community College

Anna Cross, Portsmouth Public Schools

Rose Crnkovich, Trinity High School

Kevin Cummings, Mercer University

Staci Dinerstein, William Patterson University

Donna Elkins, Jefferson Community and Technical College

Sarah Engle, Liverpool High School

Julie Floyd, Central Georgia Technical College

Amy Gall, St. Louis Christian College

Ellen Gabrielleschi, Clarke University

Jerry Gibbens, Williams Baptist College

Beate Gilliar, Manchester University

Cheryl Golemo, Harper College

Alan Gousie, Community College of Rhode Island

Orsini Gonzalez, City College

Robin Grantham, Georgia Military College

Jennifer Hallett, Young Harris College

Debra Harper-LeBlanc, Lone Star College, Greenspoint Center

Carla Harrell, Old Dominion University

Richard Harrison, Kilgore College

Marcia Hines-Colvin, Saint Mary’s University of Minnesota

Gregory Hudson, Cincinnati State

Jessica Hurless, Casper College

Susan Isaacs, Union College

Kathleen Jacquette, Farmingdale State College

Marlena Karami, Roxbury Community College

Veronica Koehn, Oregon Institute of Technology

Beth Konrad, Loyola University Chicago

Kelly Lancaster, School of Art and Design

Ross Larson, Carthage College

Darren Linvill, Clemson University

Shane Martin, Fitchburg State University

Amanda Martinez, Davidson College

Chandra Massner, University of Pikeville

Julia McDermott-Swanson, Santa Rosa Junior College

Jamie McKown, College of the Atlantic

Ellen Mroz, Community College of Rhode Island

Diorah Nelson, Hillsborough Community College

Charles Parker, Friends University

Elaine Pascale, Suffolk University

Shelli Pentimall Bookler, Bucks County Community College

Brandi Quesenberry, Virginia Tech

Gail G. Reid, University of West Georgia

Donald Rhoads, Thaddeus Stevens College of Technology

R. Joseph Rodriguez, University of Texas at Austin

Sue Roeglin, Georgetown University

Gerald Savage, Illinois State University

Lynn Scramuzza, University of Scranton

Gretchen Skivington, Great Basin College

Julie Suek, Lower Columbia College

Gregory Thomas, Morgan Community College

Shauna Vey, New York City College of Technology CUNY

Fred Whiting, Art Institute of Washington, DC

Jon A. Williams, Niagara County Community College

Kathleen Williams, Bergen Community College

Ty Williams, St. Philip’s College

Reviewers and Survey Respondents, Fifth Edition

Diane Auten, Allan Hancock College; Diane M. Badzinski, Colorado Christian University; Raymond Bell, Calhoun Community College; Jeffrey D. Brand, Millikin University; Lacinda Brese, Southeastern Oklahoma State University; Jennifer L. Chakroff, Lasell College; Jeannette Duarte, Rio Hondo College; Richard E. Edwards, Baylor University; Donna Elkins, Jefferson Community and Technical College; Nancy M. Fisher, Ohio State University; David S. Fusani, Erie Community College; Jeffery Gentry, Rogers State University; Kim Gerhardt, San Diego Mesa College; Steven Grant, Florida State College at Jacksonville; Carla Harrell, Old Dominion University; Constance G. Hudspeth, Rollins College and Valencia Community College; Carie Kapellusch, Texas Christian University; Carol Koris, Johnson & Wales University; Steve Madden, Coastal Carolina University; Brian R. McGee, College of Charleston; Teresa Metzger, California State University San Marcos; Alexa G. Naramore, University of Cincinnati; Clayton Coke Newell, University of Saint Francis; Nikki Poppen-Eagan, Pierce College; Mark Ristroph, Augusta Technical College; Gary E. Russell, Quincy University; Jeffrey VanCleave, University of Kentucky; Teri Lynn Varner, St. Edward’s University; John T. Warren, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale; and Allyson Zadeh, Front Range Community College.

Reviewers and Survey Respondents, Fourth Edition

Stephanie Ahfeldt, Concordia College; Allison Ainsworth, Gainesville State College; Timothy Anderson, Elgin Community College; Dencil K. Backus, California University of Pennsylvania; Robert Betts, Rock Valley College; Thomas Bovino, Suffolk County Community College; Amanda Brown, University of Wisconsin, Stout; Christa Brown, Minnesota State University; Edward Clift, Woodbury University; Michael D. Crum, Coastal Carolina Community College; Kevin Cummings, Mercer University; Julie Davis, College of Charleston; Gary Deaton, University of Transylvania; Cynthia Dewar, City College of San Francisco; Thomas F. Downard, Northeastern University; Fred Fitch, Kean University; James J. Floyd, University of Central Missouri; Sonia Margarita Gangotena, Blinn College; Ron Gephart, Southwest Tennessee Community College; Valerie Manno Giroux, University of Miami; Keith H. Griffin, University of South Carolina; Diane Gruber, Arizona State University; Deborah Hefferin, Broward Community College; Emily Holler, Kennesaw State University; Brendan B. Kelly, University of West Florida; Carol Koris, Johnson & Wales University, North Miami; Lynn Kuechle, Minnesota State University, Mankato; Victoria Leonard, College of the Canyons; Nancy Levin, Palm Beach Community College; Natabhona Mabachi, University of Kansas; Anne McIntosh, Central Piedmont Community College; Marjorie Keeshan Nadler, Miami University; Phyllis Ngai, University of Montana, Missoula; Kekeli Nuviadenu, Bethune-Cookman College; Keith Perry, Abraham Baldwin Agricultural College; Brian Pilling, Westminster College; Roger D. Priest, Ivy Tech Community College; Paul Raptis, Gainesville State College; Kenna J. Reeves, Emporia State University; John Reffue, Hillsborough Community College; Rebecca Robideaux, Boise State University; Karin Russell, Keiser University; John Saunders, Columbus State University; James M. Schnoebelen, Washburn University; Karen Michelle Scott, Savannah College of Art & Design; Pam Speights, Wharton County Junior College; Erik Stroner, Iowa Central Community College; Bonnye Stuart, Winthrop University; Sarah Elizabeth Symonds, Coastal Carolina Community College; Laura R. Umphrey, Northern Arizona University; Steve Vrooman, Texas Lutheran University; Marta Walz, Elgin Community College; Stephanie Webster, University of Florida; Kristopher Robert Weeks, Montclair State University; David E. Williams, Texas Tech University; and Jim Wilson, Shelton State Community College.

Reviewers and Survey Respondents, Third Edition

Helen Acosta, Bakersfield College; Nedra Adams-Soller, College of Lake County; Sue Aiello, New York Institute of Technology, Main Campus; Robert Alexander, Bucks County Community College; Jason Ames, Chabot College; James Anderson, Johnson & Wales University; Robert Arend, San Diego Miramar College; Mike Armstrong, Tallahassee Community College; Jay Baglia, San Jose State University; Kaylene Barbe, Oklahoma Baptist University; Cameron Basquiat, Community College of Southern Nevada; Kimberly Batty-Herbert, Broward Community College North; Elizabeth Bell, University of South Florida; Ray Bell, John C. Calhoun State Community College; Christina Benac, Ball State University; Mary Jane Berger, College of Saint Benedict; Kathy Berggren, Cornell University; Mark Bergmooser, Monroe County Community College; Sandra Berkowitz, University of Maine; Constance Berman, Berkshire Community College; Bob Betts, Rock Valley College; Pete Bicak, Rockhurst University; Rochelle Bird, Utah Valley State College; T. Black, Shepherd College; Marian Blue, Skagit Valley Community College, Oak Harbor; Jennifer Emerling Bone, University of Colorado, Boulder; Robert Bookwalter, Marshall University; Jennifer Boyenga, Indian Hills Community College; Chris Braden, Alverno College; Linda Brigance, SUNY College at Fredonia; Joel Brouwer, Montcalm Community College; Jin Brown, University of Alaska, Fairbanks; Nate Brown, Santa Monica College; Ferald Bryan, Northern Illinois University; Glenn Byrne, Stonehill College; Lisa Callihan, Florence Darlington Technical College; Diana Cameron, North Iowa Area Community College; Amy Capwell-Burns, University of Toledo; Harry Carrell, Missouri Valley College; Karishma Chatterjee, Ohio State University, Main Campus; Susan Childress, Santa Rosa Junior College; Sally Cissna, Milwaukee School of Engineering; Carolyn Clark, Salt Lake Community College; Annie Clement, Winona State University; Robert Cohen, Ohio State University, Mansfield; Jennifer Cohen-Rosenberg, Los Angeles Pierce College; Linda Combs, Daytona Beach Community College; Melanie Conrad, Midwestern State University; John Cook, University of Texas at Brownsville; Diana Cooley, North Harris College; Kimberly Corey, McIntosh College; Ed Coursey, Palm Beach Community College Glades Center; Ken Cox, Florence Darlington Technical College; Sandra Coyner, Southern Oregon University; Christine Cranford, East Carolina University; Rita Crockett, Howard College; Billye Currie, Samford University; Daniel Dahlquist, University of Wisconsin at Platteville; Phillip Dalton, Stetson University; William Davidson, University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point; Dale Davis, University of Texas at San Antonio; Thomas DelVecchio, College; Michael Swinford, Shorter College; Sarah Symonds, Coastal Carolina Community College; Kelly Tait, University of Nevada, Reno; Georgia Talsma, Mount Marty College; April Dupree Taylor, University of South Alabama; Katherine Taylor, University of Louisville; Donna Thomsen, Johnson & Wales University; Ray Tipton, Walters State Community College; Hank Tkachuk, Concordia College, Moorehead; Candice Todd, Lynchburg College; Michael Tomaschyk, Cuyahoga Community College, Western; Amy Trombley, Western Michigan University; Anita Turpin, Roanoke College; Clint Uhrich, Luther College; Joseph Valcourt, Central Carolina Technical College; Marilyn Valentino, Lorain County Community College; Jay VerLinden, Humboldt State University; Valerie Vlahakis, John Wood Community College; Steve Vrooman, Texas Lutheran University; Chris Wagner, Cosumnes River College; Anthony Wainwright, Onondaga Community College; Lisa Waite, Kent State University, Stark Campus; Bill Wallace, Northeastern State University; Dennis Waller, Northwest Nazarene University; David Weinandy, Aquinas College; Nancy Wendt, Oregon State University; Estelle Wenson, Stonehill College; Beverly West-Dorny, San Joaquin Delta College; Steven Wiegenstein, Culver-Stockton College; Thomas Wilkinson, Rowan University; David Williams, Texas Technical University; Frances Winsor, Pennsylvania State University at Altoona; Marianne Worthington, Cumberland College; Miriam Zimmerman, Notre Dame de Namur University; and Joe Zubrick, University of Maine, Fort Kent.

Reviewers and Survey Respondents, Second Edition

Cameron Basquiat, Community College of Southern Nevada; Carolyn Clark, Salt Lake Community College; Letitia Dace, University of Massachusetts, Dartmouth; Francis Dance, University of Denver; Layne Dearden, Brigham Young University, Idaho; Rebecca Faery, Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Joyce Fernandes, Bristol Community College; John Giertz, Bakersfield College; Heather Grace, University of Pittsburgh, Bradford; Marc Martin, San Francisco State University; Charles McMahan, Vincennes University; Deborah Meltsner, Old Dominion University; Andrea Morgan, Georgia Perimeter College; Dann Pierce, University of Portland; Patricia Rockwell, University of Louisiana, Lafayette; Robert Sadowski, University of Michigan, Flint; Michael Searcy, University of Iowa and Scott Community College; Lisa Stefani, Grossmont College; Elena Strauman, Auburn University; Jeremy Teitelbaum, California Polytechnic State University; Gregory Thomas, Morgan Community College; and Robert Witkowski, Midlands Technical College.

Reviewers and Survey Respondents, First Edition

Linda Brown, El Paso Community College; Tamara Burk, Columbia College; Lawrence J. Chase, California State University, Sacramento; Helen Chester, Milwaukee Area Technical College; Jeanine Congalton, Fullerton College; Lauren Sewell Coulter, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga; Karen D. Covey, New River Community College; Michal Dale, Southwest Missouri State; William F. Ferreira, Houston Community College, Southwest; Eric Fife, College of Charleston; William Fustield, University of Pittsburgh; Kathleen M. Galvin, Northwestern University; Kelby Halone, Clemson University; William J. Jordan, North Carolina State University; Ruth Ann Kinzey, University of North Carolina, Charlotte; Lt. Col. George Luker, USAF Academy; Joseph Martinez, El Paso Community College; Virgil Moberg, Flagler College; Carlos Perez, Maple Woods Community College; Jean Perry, Glendale Community College; Tina Pieraccini, State University of New York, Oswego; Lora Sager, Greenville Technical College; Dr. Roy Schwartzmann, Northwest Missouri State University; John Kares Smith, State University of New York, Oswego; Kimberly Terrill, Francis Marion University; and Glenda Treadaway, Appalachian State University.

Anna Davis delivers the informative speech “Social Media, Social Identity, and Social Causes.”