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In some cases, presenting text graphically can help your audience organize and understand information. For example, to highlight key ideas or important “takeaways” from your speech, you could use a verbal chart, which arranges words in a certain format, such as bullet points. You might use a simple verbal chart to list tips for last-minute Ironman triathlon race preparation or the parts that make up a motorcycle engine, or to compare the pros and cons of a particular issue in table form.

Text and graphics can be combined to convey both information and action. A flowchart is a text-based visual that demonstrates the direction of information, processes, and ideas. You might use a flowchart to show the steps in preparing for the Ironman competition or the process that a bank uses to decide whether to lend money to a mortgage applicant. It is important to use text-based visuals sparingly; you do not want to present your speech outline as a visual aid.