GIRL: The answer for many immigrants is a smartphone. Today, we'll take a look at how smartphones are central to the success of immigrants journeys. Many members of this class have their own stories of how their families came to the United States. And most of you are very familiar with a multitude of apps on your own smartphones.

So let's take a look at these two ideas and see why smartphones are so useful for immigrants. I have always been interested in my own family's story of immigration through Europe and onto North America and have been fascinated while researching the 21st century version of this narrative. We'll get that narrative going by first taking a look at the widespread use of smartphones by immigrants, next considering how smartphones are vital to immigrants journeys, and finally seeing how smartphones are is specially essential in dangerous situations. So let me begin by observing that smartphones are extensively used during immigration.