Chapter 3 Review

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“Strive to be an ethical public speaker.”

As you saw with the scenario of being truthful with a romantic partner about your opinion of an expensive new sweater or the story of Alex and his misleading appearance on Skype at the beginning of this chapter, public speaking can present numerous ethical challenges—dilemmas that make it difficult to determine what constitutes right and wrong behavior. In this chapter, we focused on those challenges, from both speakers’ and listeners’ perspectives. First, we discussed the different codes of ethics, including ethical absolutism, situational ethics, and cultural relativity. We then examined the differences between legal and ethical speech. We showed how people can be unethical in public speaking, mainly through lying, using half-truths, and causing false inferences. We also discussed the ethical ways to acknowledge the work of others (quoting from a source, paraphrasing, and using common knowledge). We touched on using sound reasoning, which we discuss in more depth in Chapter 18. Finally, we shared how to be an ethical listener: show courtesy, demonstrate an open mind, and hold the speaker accountable.

LaunchPad for Speak Up offers videos and encourages self-assessment through adaptive quizzing. Look for the check icon and play icon throughout the chapter for adaptive quizzing and online video activities.

Key Terms

88

ethics 68

ethical absolutism 68

situational ethics 69

culturally relative 70

ethical speech 71

legally protected speech 71

half-truth 73

false inference 74

taking evidence out of context 75

omission 76

plagiarism 78

paraphrasing 81

common knowledge 82

fallacious reasoning 83

hasty generalization 84

post hoc fallacy 84

ad hominem (personal attack) fallacy 85

ad populum (bandwagon) fallacy 85

ethical audience 85

Review Questions

  1. Question

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    Define ethics, and explain the difference between ethical absolutism and situational ethics.

  2. Question

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  3. Question

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  4. Question

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  5. Question

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  6. Question

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    Define plagiarism, and explain the importance of properly citing your sources.

  7. Question

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  8. Question

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Critical Thinking Questions

  1. Question

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  2. 89

    Question

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  3. Question

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    The illustration on page 69 poses the ethical dilemma that arises when someone who loves or trusts you asks your opinion about something that may be personal to him or her and the truth may be uncomfortable for this person to hear. How would you handle an ethical dilemma like this? What is more important—keeping this person happy or telling the truth?

  4. Question

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Activities

  1. Question

    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
    Chapter 3 - Activity Question 1

  2. Question

    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
    Chapter 3 - Activity Question 2

  3. Question

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    Chapter 3 - Activity Question 3