Chapter 8 Review

249

“The sum of the parts determines the success of the whole speech.”

As the story about Graciela’s speech on Title IX illustrates at the beginning of this chapter, the right supporting materials can help you build listeners’ interest in your presentation, enhance audience understanding of your topic, strengthen the likelihood that audience members will remember your speech, convince your audience that your claims have merit, and breathe life into your speech by touching on audience emotions. To choose the best supporting materials, you can start by understanding the many forms they take—such as examples, definitions, testimony, statistics, narratives, and analogies. You then can apply important guidelines, such as choosing the most credible proof, using a variety of supporting materials, appealing to different learning styles, avoiding long lists of information, considering your audience’s knowledge and interests, and ensuring that your supporting materials don’t consume too much of the time available for your presentation.

LaunchPad for Speak Up offers videos and encourages self-assessment through adaptive quizzing. Look for the check icon and play icon throughout the chapter for adaptive quizzing and online video activities.

Key Terms

supporting material 228

example 233

brief example 233

extended example 234

dictionary definition 235

expert definition 235

etymological definition 235

functional definition 236

testimony 236

expert testimony 236

lay testimony 236

statistic 237

narrative 238

analogy 240

literal analogy 240

figurative analogy 240

multimedia presentation 245

250

Review Questions

  1. Question

    FflQHYYBFR4ceCHijRvsa0/G/P/GHhBlpA6doi4MEGrF6MaYdBGYOn9S3NCBSKsZImo61EGL1kQ=

  2. Question

    nQjtENh+izTbaPmRQsZCxeGnz1+ZA6+e7TcNnaLoL3prLtAPKFdVIEGhXOdkahIX372BWPBNrKpj2YZH

  3. Question

    eGtWxEnGC+vVbgjoYQ0GUhKkSUX0WPuyxO/KKLg81dzx5EOElY5owKuVIZtFsLSOIXEwtTsZqK7jc/T4EO5clvzU0owJ30JuiiLoTX37bAU2T2jMmxzhxzUA5eBAPISm62sahg==

  4. Question

    tKoIf5Y4kTfCGgnQAMZV4iMRjvTTqsgfSnCujoCUN2TBBfFF6Fn1YwRN7QZifbkgoeIXZ4NnAt8IDL55a40kRxdjO9oQyPNHz94KL2XlQkg=

  5. Question

    aDDpcCyoas2zV+uUif2HGq/bUUDUwjHtp+6JIGKx1w35PP1HQ9sKbmLnmtU=

Critical Thinking Questions

  1. Question

    FsmvLmjGpaAlLtmSuxcrn6B6tGxpZ9+TVRSRJoWj3syjNx4ZewlwPFIbyJMwK5VezrxkIePuSYF0xZVwZPiiATIHvWn0YcC3mTcffoHzTzEjqpVEpNirbrIbZOMB8BYPIplUXx8MoIf4cIh8bFJ7b8EMvj7aXemGbLFA4c9saUq6oDx39eHivaZ6DVpC+CSmXnqtr5fWlFfOeZa9/biYVzl9nsg=

  2. Question

    wYQbA7zyeJED5CLQJjAq7J7A8UfCB6FCZRaZNMfxb/zGXOfgtXXvulkkuoiC0u40pj/WiWkabp+dbkEULD0eIs/dSh+ptQSkYVO227xFqrV8PqTd4CyoyZBVMmJ91q+1K4mh3r8mwXv3wHPCvH+cAGx9FYMrD4adouY9ovYi1bs+jGsoVvos7swALfLxebeJoDERI65TmeIvS8YUE96Pw9+iEctnezBxmg9AfOy7fj3ICwflgBEM0i1VFVsWfeaJQLRFO1cO2FF65Ll7NKkjRD65oGiydrCyrvV6LBRWD0zH92EFoO8Z7rn4yUK6qriZqeP7DD90aXv78DOKSeidJ2lOfo0=

  3. Question

    KYUrzpnx4kDNQwSSlwRYt2+Ld+I8LjfyAOWaZvFqaGL3jInvJLYw5iGzes8uD/tV9N7u9PsPZxqmGIZe9leBxV6K3jf0qadG1eS8I0RPmMV3xRfoJ3s+fq3B2IqMd52ZJfFjF4q53VlDiJgtzoymoXSp6mxqHT2p3ogTEN7gLAsIhXNDkJB/T4aJ4jjsEjd50faD2vel3QrooZfYA+0B/u0ai5pH5zoUHRHe88aIKxJHOkTbaGn/8FM/4wJrRHI8RQdkqTI8ST0z5Hq9p+OZv1xtGB7sjYr4EM5x7iY3UVTzgtMIgUNsP5XTbRiWaDnfpx7HlA==

  4. Question

    bRWtV9KEeNHl6j2fjkUSJO6lBhB7GVbSOO5kJxnMHbVs+n6K2WbF0LzuHkb3A5/jr4CwWhhfEfGJpTRDdfaEY8Lv690wQTrw4b0Rkhu6RZqlBG8STetbtEJh48j6q2pz7UPYmYzGAlXsTR29NGzvZPLjaX0jjcE8/ujNvQ9/ILMlbxk2puLo8NDIsyoZfeQaKA6Go8EcFubTN79X842a/Km1HgejHkRr5AopxzFc4f6nLRBpDaxjqWtKhfckQhNdGwKH1w==

Activities

  1. Question

    vOxWloh7POK+apvc4a/A7/Iyo1ZUyqseUVdj7quEL8388YDLzsYKihG4HcgYkg/wVDOjairX3xQRc+G8dpntGdluigLl+qBcoPlonmkoibq5+S9N01DuASQR3rqsxSgWrwPie5LtLu6Rr+JHK1c4zMY+gp6mLMGSYs8lQDyk8/IFXKj/HlC2F0y9j09O2e3oXfW+FPB3DIt/VSak0H9vZsUlV4/EKcjHfB30L/eJn6Ljo+MSnVX267wQz9VP6undITUhVvuWAnT0qUjAlbN4lvyxNhO0YnjLs+4RG8VnBkgqW3BXoFI+0pNsC6xZkn3Jvfv6KZPE6Xa2wEWaPChpRfLv/Pk8Zgz8wH6SJleKLbQHUX9llAJHlHIY8dcdUc5Gct5SuCBBEfuNWqeOqeaPy94pSrr4n1FTrP1coet/tBaGn8xPBpb3t0DuSnim+gaO
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 1

  2. Question

    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
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 2

  3. 251

    Question

    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
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 3

  4. Question

    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
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 4

  5. Question

    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
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 5

  6. Question

    8jHC44zAKj99XsYnI9B4ZlNgQuJzN2NxC6nRR5+gt0lHDPg3kF2ZlZjSCe1QItDc7fEDeXwcMZ/DF2p65o3EfNHEg6pQygQWem0XIOtVk5EMlN+iLaFjY8xjf/H3U3AZKlCopfkqW9FimXQ+ynbkgODd8wohucmp5mwoB3CUzn8QdzGRFhqziOCup9j6tedNYSmMtQ+qTH4wfAYB/7mkdbeEbtYc+lXBBvXhzHC0iji9pm9DSLWQSIv/vBQoPX+mXfUazU0S6dyVaxXznZSN22bpykRUYZBs+wjficHwY3gllMXjM3MfDX7trJdXMNDzTetYJaaA3c1vQyu4+NO044SUuJ6ROfwgDiRkzpnyTPZp33Gwuc/jqa44G8U7RdY7KoeEbCit7Tk=
    Chapter 8 - Activity Question 6