Revolutions of Industrialization, 1750

Chapter 17 Summative Quiz

Question

1. Which of the following explains why industrialization first occurred in Europe?

Europe had an unchallenged economic advantage over all other regions by 1750.

Europe possessed a unique capacity for technological innovation.

European rulers fostered unusually close alliances with their merchant classes.

Europe was the only region that had highly commercialized, market-based economies by 1750.

Question

2. How did contact with other civilizations contribute to Europe’s Industrial Revolution?

It awakened a desire to keep all foreign influence out of Europe.

It forced Europeans to acknowledge and overcome their backwardness.

It enabled Europe to draw disproportionately on the world’s resources.

It stimulated European states to industrialize in order to defend themselves from foreign invasion.

Question

3. Which of the following has been offered as an explanation for why Britain was the first European country to industrialize?

Lack of coal deposits forced British industrialists to develop wind-based energy sources.

British monarchs had absolute power and directed the country’s industrialization.

A scarcity of workers in Britain led to technological innovations that increased efficiency.

The Scientific Revolution in Great Britain fostered technological innovation.

Question

4. Which of the following groups benefitted the most from the Industrial Revolution in nineteenth-century Britain?

The aristocracy

The middle classes

The laboring classes

Women

Question

5. Which of the following describes a feature of Karl Marx’s vision of the society he predicted would emerge after the collapse of capitalism?

A society controlled by a totalitarian state

A society made up only of the middle class

A society without classes and conflict

A society run by the captains of industry

Question

6. Which of the following was a factor that pushed many Europeans to immigrate in the nineteenth century?

The rise in artisan manufacturing worldwide

The decline in peasant farming in their homelands

The high cost of transportation in Europe

The scarcity of factory jobs in European urban centers

Question

7. Which of the following was a reason for the failure of socialism to take root in the United States?

The absence of labor unions in the United States

The lack of class consciousness among workers in the United States

The higher standard of living enjoyed by most American workers

The homogenous nature of the American population

Question

8. Which of the following played a greater role in industrial development in Russia than in the United States or Western Europe?

The state

The serfs

Trade unions

Political parties

Question

9. Which of the following accompanied industrialization wherever it occurred in the world?

Nationalism

Westernization

Urbanization

Revolution

Question

10. What was most of the European capital invested in Latin America used to finance?

Factories

Telegraphs

Steamships

Railroads

Question

11. Which of the following is a phrase that has been used to describe the form of economic growth in Latin America in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries?

Industrial capitalism

Market-driven industrialization

Socialist development

Dependent development

Question

12. In what way was the Industrial Revolution a global phenomenon by the end of the nineteenth century?

Even regions that failed to industrialize were impacted by industrialization.

Every country’s economy was based on manufacturing.

Every country in the world had launched its own Industrial Revolution.

The social transformations that accompanied Britain’s Industrial Revolution spread throughout the world.