Empires in Collision: Europe, the Middle East, and East Asia, 1800

Chapter 19 Summative Quiz

Question

1. What was the significance of the opium trade in China in the nineteenth century?

It increased the tax revenue collected by the Chinese state.

It resulted in a large inflow of silver into China.

It reversed the trade imbalance in favor of Britain.

It lowered unemployment rates in China.

Question

2. How was the Taiping Uprising different from other peasant rebellions in China?

Its program included the abolition of private property.

Its goal was to restore an idealized Chinese society.

It proclaimed a millenarian religious message.

It drew upon a variety of peasant grievances.

Question

3. Which of the following reflects the goal of the policies introduced by the Chinese state in the 1860s and 1870s to address the problems facing China?

To restore free trade and establish diplomatic relations with European states

To reinvigorate China by selectively borrowing from the West

To redistribute land equally among the peasantry

To encourage the growth of an independent capitalist class

Question

4. Which of the following contributed to China’s problems in the nineteenth century?

The state’s failure to maintain flood control and public security

The decline in the Chinese population in the past century

The expansion and bureaucratization of the central government

The weakening power of provincial officials and local gentry

Question

5. Which of the following characterizes the goal of the Tanzimat reforms initiated by the Ottoman leadership in the mid-nineteenth century?

To strengthen the power of the Janissaries and give more autonomy to the ulama

To clarify the religious principles for a renewed Muslim state

To establish the economic, social, and legal foundation for a strong centralized state

To confirm the fundamentally Islamic character of the Ottoman Empire

Question

6. What did the Young Turks advocate?

A renewed war against the West

A militantly secular Turkish national state

A jihad against all non-Muslims in the Ottoman Empire

A new political regime in the Ottoman Empire based on Wahhabi principles

Question

7. Which of the following contributed to the contraction of the Ottoman Empire in the nineteenth century?

Disagreement among the European states on how to divide the Ottoman Empire among them

Nationalist-inspired independence movements in Greece, Serbia, Bulgaria, and Romania

Explosive population growth in the nineteenth century

Ottoman control of Afro-Eurasian commerce

Question

8. In what respect were Qing China and the Ottoman Empire similar in the nineteenth century?

Both created industrial economies that enabled them to compete with Europe on an equal footing.

Both successfully strengthened and centralized their states to defend their territory from European intrusion.

Both lost their independence to Japan in the late nineteenth century.

Both were semi-colonies within the informal empires of Europe.

Question

9. Which of the following developments during the Tokugawa era provided a solid foundation for Japan’s industrial growth in the late nineteenth century?

The high status of the samurai

The centralization of political authority

The urbanization of Japanese society

The power and prestige of the shogun

Question

10. What did the United States expect to gain by sending a naval fleet to Japan in 1853?

The right to grow opium on Japanese soil

The acquisition of Japan as a U.S. colony

The right to fish in the waters surrounding Japan

The opening of Japanese ports for trade

Question

11. How did the leadership that emerged after the Meiji restoration in Japan respond to the threat of Western imperialism?

They fought a war against the United States.

They used Western models to transform Japan.

They looked to China for men of good moral character to lead Japan.

They initiated reforms based on Confucian principles.

Question

12. In what way was Japan in a better position than China or the Ottoman Empire in its encounter with Western imperialism?

Japan’s samurai effectively repelled the Western powers.

Japan’s strategic location enabled it to outmaneuver Western military forces.

Japan’s vast resources and wealth better equipped it to resist foreign aggression.

Japan was of less interest to the Western powers.