| Region | Products Contributed to Indian Ocean Commerce |
| Mediterranean basin | ceramics, glassware, wine, gold, olive oil |
| East Africa | ivory, gold, iron goods, slaves, tortoiseshells, quartz, leopard skins |
| Arabia | frankincense, myrrh, perfumes |
| India | grain, ivory, precious stones, cotton textiles, spices, timber, tortoiseshells |
| Southeast Asia | tin, sandalwood, cloves, nutmeg, mace |
| China | silks, porcelain, tea |