Correct. The answer is d. American missionaries came to Hawai’i as early as 1820, hoping to convert native Hawai’ians to Christianity. It was only after they had arrived that many missionaries—tempted by the potential for vast wealth—became sugar planters. For example, missionary Amos Starr Cooke founded Castle & Cook, one of the biggest sugar companies in the world, in 1851.

Incorrect. The answer is d. American missionaries came to Hawai’i as early as 1820, hoping to convert native Hawai’ians to Christianity. It was only after they had arrived that many missionaries—tempted by the potential for vast wealth—became sugar planters. For example, missionary Amos Starr Cooke founded Castle & Cook, one of the biggest sugar companies in the world, in 1851.

Correct. The answer is c. Queen Lili’oukalani’s main goal for Hawai’i was to minimize the influence of powerful American businessmen, who had gained extensive political power under Queen Lili’oukalani’s brother, King Kalakaua. Queen Lili’oukalani resented how much sway the white minority had in Hawai’i despite the fact it accounted for less than 10 percent of the total population. To give power over Hawai’i back to Hawai’ians, Queen Lili’oukalani announced that, as of January 14, 1893, only people with native ancestry would have the right to vote in Hawai’i.

Incorrect. The answer is c. Queen Lili’oukalani’s main goal for Hawai’i was to minimize the influence of powerful American businessmen, who had gained extensive political power under Queen Lili’oukalani’s brother, King Kalakaua. Queen Lili’oukalani resented how much sway the white minority had in Hawai’i despite the fact it accounted for less than 10 percent of the total population. To give power over Hawai’i back to Hawai’ians, Queen Lili’oukalani announced that, as of January 14, 1893, only people with native ancestry would have the right to vote in Hawai’i.

Correct. The answer is b. When the United States passed a new tariff in 1890, American sugar planters who grew sugar in Hawai’i saw their profits plummet. The planters realized that if Hawai’i were annexed by the United States as a new territory, the tariff would no longer apply to their exported sugar. For this reason, sugar planters strongly advocated for annexation.

Incorrect. The answer is b. When the United States passed a new tariff in 1890, American sugar planters who grew sugar in Hawai’i saw their profits plummet. The planters realized that if Hawai’i were annexed by the United States as a new territory, the tariff would no longer apply to their exported sugar. For this reason, sugar planters strongly advocated for annexation.

Correct. The answer is c. In 1898, the United States fought—and won—the Spanish–American War. By the end of the war, the United States had gained control of its first overseas territories: the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam. The United States joined many European powers in establishing an empire. For this reason, the Spanish–American War bred popular support for American imperial expansion.

Incorrect. The answer is c. In 1898, the United States fought—and won—the Spanish–American War. By the end of the war, the United States had gained control of its first overseas territories: the Philippines, Puerto Rico, and Guam. The United States joined many European powers in establishing an empire. For this reason, the Spanish–American War bred popular support for American imperial expansion.

Correct. The answer is a. When he was president, Grover Cleveland stopped the annexation of Hawai’i, only to see the nation quietly annexed by his successor, William McKinley, in 1898. After Hawai’i’s annexation, Cleveland wrote that he felt “ashamed of the whole affair” because of “the means used to complete the outrage.” Cleveland was already skeptical of American imperial expansion, but the methods used to acquire Hawai’i seemed to him to be particularly devious.

Incorrect. The answer is a. When he was president, Grover Cleveland stopped the annexation of Hawai’i, only to see the nation quietly annexed by his successor, William McKinley, in 1898. After Hawai’i’s annexation, Cleveland wrote that he felt “ashamed of the whole affair” because of “the means used to complete the outrage.” Cleveland was already skeptical of American imperial expansion, but the methods used to acquire Hawai’i seemed to him to be particularly devious.