thinkingthroughsources

Organize the Evidence for Thinking through Sources 4

Source Links:

Source 4.1 The Analects

Source 4.2 Filial Piety

Source 4.3 Daodejing

Source 4.4 Bhagavad Gita

Source 4.5 The Gospel of Matthew

Source 4.6 Ladder of Divine Ascent

The following exercises provide an opportunity to use the sources collectively to respond to a guiding question.

Guiding Question

In describing the “good life” or the “good society,” what commonalities do you see among these sources? What differences are apparent? How might the authors of each source respond to the ideas of the others?

Instructions

Below are five topics that might find a place in organizing an essay responding to the guiding question. This exercise asks you to identify which sources would provide relevant evidence for that topic. Select the best answers for each question. Choose ALL that apply.

Click the “submit” button for each question to turn in your work.

Question 4.31

Which sources emphasize the fulfillment of one’s prescribed role in society in describing the “good life” or “good society”? Choose ALL that apply.
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	A. Source 4.1: Reflections from Confucius
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	B. Source 4.2: Filial Piety Illustrated
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	C. Source 4.3: A Daoist Perspective on the Good Life
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	D. Source 4.4: Reflections from the Hindu Scriptures
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	E. Source 4.5: Reflections from Jesus
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	F. Source 4.6: Toward “Mature Manhood”

Correct: Source 4.1: Confucius taught that the observance of propriety, that is, the fulfillment of one’s socially prescribed functions, was key to the “good society.” Source 4.2: This source depicts filial piety, a practice that reinforced in Confucian thought the need for individuals to fulfill socially prescribed functions in order to maintain the “good society.” Source 4.4: The main teaching of the Bhagavad Gita is that one must fulfill one’s caste duties in society. Source 4.3: Laozi advocated withdrawal from society, not active engagement in it through fulfillment of one’s socially prescribed functions. Source 4.5: While Jesus encouraged compassion toward fellow man in his teachings, he did not require individuals to fulfill their socially prescribed functions. Source 4.6: This image depicts the spiritual journey of individuals who have become monks in order to separate themselves from this world.

Incorrect: Source 4.1: Confucius taught that the observance of propriety, that is, the fulfillment of one’s socially prescribed functions, was key to the “good society.” Source 4.2: This source depicts filial piety, a practice that reinforced in Confucian thought the need for individuals to fulfill socially prescribed functions in order to maintain the “good society.” Source 4.4: The main teaching of the Bhagavad Gita is that one must fulfill one’s caste duties in society. Source 4.3: Laozi advocated withdrawal from society, not active engagement in it through fulfillment of one’s socially prescribed functions. Source 4.5: While Jesus encouraged compassion toward fellow man in his teachings, he did not require individuals to fulfill their socially prescribed functions. Source 4.6: This image depicts the spiritual journey of individuals who have become monks in order to separate themselves from this world.

Question 4.32

Which sources describe an important role for God or divine beings in helping people to live the “good life” or create a “good society”? Choose ALL that apply.
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	A. Source 4.1: Reflections from Confucius
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	B. Source 4.2: Filial Piety Illustrated
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	C. Source 4.3: A Daoist Perspective on the Good Life
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	D. Source 4.4: Reflections from the Hindu Scriptures
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	E. Source 4.5: Reflections from Jesus
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	F. Source 4.6: Toward “Mature Manhood”

Correct: Source 4.4: Vishnu, in the form of Lord Krishna, plays a central role in advising Arjuna about how to live the good life and how good societies are formed. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount places great emphasis on God and the kingdom of Heaven. Source 4.6: This source depicts a treacherous spiritual journey, with God in Heaven as its ultimate destination. Source 4.1: Confucius takes a more philosophical approach to achieving the “good society.” Source 4.2: The painting of filial piety depicts the ritual honoring of parents. There is little role for God or divine beings in this image. Source 4.3: The dao is a spiritual force, not a God or divine being.

Incorrect: Source 4.4: Vishnu, in the form of Lord Krishna, plays a central role in advising Arjuna about how to live the good life and how good societies are formed. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount places great emphasis on God and the kingdom of Heaven. Source 4.6: This source depicts a treacherous spiritual journey, with God in Heaven as its ultimate destination. Source 4.1: Confucius takes a more philosophical approach to achieving the “good society.” Source 4.2: The painting of filial piety depicts the ritual honoring of parents. There is little role for God or divine beings in this image. Source 4.3: The dao is a spiritual force, not a God or divine being.

Question 4.33

Which sources describe the “good life” or “good society” in primarily humanistic or rational, terms? Choose ALL that apply.
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	A. Source 4.1: Reflections from Confucius
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	B. Source 4.2: Filial Piety Illustrated
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	C. Source 4.3: A Daoist Perspective on the Good Life
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	D. Source 4.4: Reflections from the Hindu Scriptures
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	E. Source 4.5: Reflections from Jesus
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	F. Source 4.6: Toward “Mature Manhood”

Correct: Source 4.1: Confucius focuses on rationally ordering society using human wisdom. Source 4.2: Filial piety is a philosophical concept on which Confucius constructs the “good society.” Source 4.3: Daoist thought reflects belief in an underlying spiritual reality called the dao.. Source 4.4: The Bhagavad Gita bases the good life and good society on fulfillment of one’s caste function as defined through concepts of reincarnation and the cycle of life. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount offers a primarily spiritual set of teachings with frequent references to God. Source 4.6: This image depicts a spiritual journey fraught with moral temptations and dangers.

Incorrect: Source 4.1: Confucius focuses on rationally ordering society using human wisdom. Source 4.2: Filial piety is a philosophical concept on which Confucius constructs the “good society.” Source 4.3: Daoist thought reflects belief in an underlying spiritual reality called the dao.. Source 4.4: The Bhagavad Gita bases the good life and good society on fulfillment of one’s caste function as defined through concepts of reincarnation and the cycle of life. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount offers a primarily spiritual set of teachings with frequent references to God. Source 4.6: This image depicts a spiritual journey fraught with moral temptations and dangers.

Question 4.34

Which sources seek the “good life” or “good society” through abandonment of society and oneness with nature? Choose ALL that apply.
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	A. Source 4.1: Reflections from Confucius
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	B. Source 4.2: Filial Piety Illustrated
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	C. Source 4.3: A Daoist Perspective on the Good Life
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	D. Source 4.4: Reflections from the Hindu Scriptures
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	E. Source 4.5: Reflections from Jesus
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	F. Source 4.6: Toward “Mature Manhood”

Correct: Source 4.3: Daoism focuses on the unseen realm, a sustaining or pervasive Presence, located variously above, beyond, beneath, or within the human and visible realm. Source 4.1: The Analects focus on rationally ordering society using human wisdom. Source 4.2: This image depicts a ritual that commemorates a foundation of the social order, not an abandonment of society. Source 4.4: The Bhagavad Gita advocates engagement with society, not its abandonment. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount promotes engagement with society, especially aid to the poor. Source 4.6: While the monks in this image could be seen as abandoning the world to undertake a spiritual journey, it depicts a fraught journey, not one based on oneness with nature.

Incorrect: Source 4.3: Daoism focuses on the unseen realm, a sustaining or pervasive Presence, located variously above, beyond, beneath, or within the human and visible realm. Source 4.1: The Analects focus on rationally ordering society using human wisdom. Source 4.2: This image depicts a ritual that commemorates a foundation of the social order, not an abandonment of society. Source 4.4: The Bhagavad Gita advocates engagement with society, not its abandonment. Source 4.5: The Sermon on the Mount promotes engagement with society, especially aid to the poor. Source 4.6: While the monks in this image could be seen as abandoning the world to undertake a spiritual journey, it depicts a fraught journey, not one based on oneness with nature.

Question 4.35

Which sources require the rich and those with authority to look after the less fortunate or those who owe obedience to them?
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	A. Source 4.1: Reflections from Confucius
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	B. Source 4.2: Filial Piety Illustrated
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	C. Source 4.3: A Daoist Perspective on the Good Life
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	D. Source 4.4: Reflections from the Hindu Scriptures
1eoMUwqbGSN43LoGFk2KBbM7WtI6+uSIktnd1sVdxvuj+OCzqkVsxoAwO6MNpn1bh0PLfQ1dI7y4rziHwMhGcQJm9GRWGbL2E3zjWe8M25PiQY2ik5MLBrRmXT/EXVaQeSPSNA==	E. Source 4.5: Reflections from Jesus
ExJKRUbmSsFQHkA5L0A/ngVPDmUEiZDq0lIehMfKV3dxK3P5s3DUP2xX/5SSZ4d+kukozoxy5dk4abKVgk7WBzXOiH6A/9WGwpxvMraidMJsTNn31yVGw4yADRsGQS7Ybj33uw==	F. Source 4.6: Toward “Mature Manhood”

Correct: Source 4.1: The good society in the Analects is based on the idea that those in authority will selflessly look after the less privileged in society, who in turn will be obedient. Source 4.2: This source depicts a filial piety ceremony designed to honor the reciprocal relationship between children and their parents. Source 4.5: A central theme in the Sermon on the Mount is the responsibility to look after the poor and less fortunate. Source 4.3: Daoist thought advocates the abandonment of social obligations. Source 4.4: While the Bhagavad Gita does advocate the fulfillment of social roles, it does not advocate care for the less fortunate. Source 4.6: This source depicts a spiritual journey, but not one that requires support for the poor.

Incorrect: Source 4.1: The good society in the Analects is based on the idea that those in authority will selflessly look after the less privileged in society, who in turn will be obedient. Source 4.2: This source depicts a filial piety ceremony designed to honor the reciprocal relationship between children and their parents. Source 4.5: A central theme in the Sermon on the Mount is the responsibility to look after the poor and less fortunate. Source 4.3: Daoist thought advocates the abandonment of social obligations. Source 4.4: While the Bhagavad Gita does advocate the fulfillment of social roles, it does not advocate care for the less fortunate. Source 4.6: This source depicts a spiritual journey, but not one that requires support for the poor.