| System | Potential Effects |
|---|
| Forests and other ecosystems | Migration of vegetation; reduction in ecosystem ranges; altered ecosystem composition |
| Species diversity | Loss of diversity; migration of species; invasion of new species |
| Coastal wetlands | Inundation of wetlands; migration of wetland vegetation |
| Aquatic ecosystems | Loss of habitat; migration to new habitats; invasion of new species |
| Coastal resources | Inundation of coastal structures; increased risk of flooding |
| Water resources | Changes in water supplies; changes in patterns of drought and flooding; changes in water quality |
| Agriculture | Changes in crop yields; shifts in relative productivity among regions |
| Human health | Shifts in ranges of infectious disease organisms; changes in patterns of heat-stress and cold-weather afflictions |
| Energy | Increase in cooling demand; decrease in heating demand; changes in hydroelectric energy resources |