Key Terms and Concepts

arkose

bedding sequence

bioclastic sediment

biological sediment

bioturbation

carbonate rock

carbonate sediment

cementation

chemical sediment

chemical weathering

chert

clay

claystone

coal

compaction

conglomerate

continental shelf

cross-bedding

crude oil

diagenesis

dolostone

evaporite rock

evaporite sediment

flexural basin

foraminifera

graded bedding

gravel

graywacke

iron formation

limestone

lithic sandstone

lithification

mud

mudstone

natural gas

organic sedimentary rock

peat

phosphorite

physical weathering

porosity

quartz arenite

reef

rift basin

ripple

salinity

sand

sandstone

sedimentary basin

sedimentary environment

sedimentary structure

shale

siliciclastic sediments

silt

siltstone

sorting

subsidence

terrigenous sediment

thermal subsidence basin