Welcome

Welcome to Writer’s Help 2.0, Lunsford Version!

The Top Twenty

The Top Twenty: Troubleshooting Your Writing

Quick Help: Taking a writing inventory

Top Twenty Editing Quizzes

Top Twenty Editing Quiz 1: “Thinking Globally by Eating Locally”

Top Twenty Editing Quiz 2: “Plagiarism in the Age of the Internet”

Writing Processes

Expectations for College Writing

Quick Help: Common features of U.S. academic texts

Moving between social and academic writing

Preparing to meet expectations for U.S. academic writing

Positioning yourself as an academic writer

Listening and reading actively for class

Using media effectively

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Lessons from informal writing

Video Prompt: Something to learn from each other

Tips

Talking the Talk: Conventions

Rhetorical Situations

Quick Help: Analyzing a college writing assignment

Making good choices for your rhetorical situation

Understanding academic assignments

Thinking about your topic and message

Considering your purpose and stance as a communicator

Analyzing audiences

Thinking about genres and media

Considering language and style

Storyboards

Storyboards for rhetorical situations

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Your whole audience

For Multilingual Writers: Bringing in other languages

Talking the Talk: Assignments

Talking the Talk: Genre names

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Developing a sense of audience

Video Prompt: Pay attention to what you're interested in

Prewriting

Exploring a topic

Narrowing a topic

Drafting a working thesis

Gathering information

Storyboards

Storyboards on working thesis

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Freespeaking

For Multilingual Writers: Using your best language to explore ideas

For Multilingual Writers: Stating a thesis explicitly

Video prompts

Video Prompt: Brain mapping

Video Prompt: Getting ideas from social media

Video Prompt: This will take longer than I thought

Video Prompt: Writing processes

Planning and Drafting

Quick Help: Guidelines for keeping track of your drafts

Quick Help: Organizing visuals and media in academic writing

Organizing information

Planning

Drafting

Student Writing

Early draft (Emily Lesk)

Tips

Considering Disabilities: A talking draft

For Multilingual Writers: Organizing information

Video prompts

Video Prompt: Filling in the gaps

Video Prompt: It's hard to delete things

Video Prompt: You just have to start

Developing Paragraphs

Quick Help: Editing the paragraphs in your writing

Quick Help: Transitions

Quick Help: Determining paragraph length

Creating strong paragraphs

Writing unified paragraphs

Developing paragraphs with supporting details

Following patterns of development

Making paragraphs coherent

Linking paragraphs together

Writing special-purpose paragraphs

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Being explicit

Talking the Talk: Paragraph length

Reviewing and Revising

Quick Help: Guidelines for peer review and self-review

Rising to the challenge of peer review

Working with peer reviewers in an online course

Giving feedback based on the stage of the draft

Responding to another writer’s work

Getting the most from peer reviewers’ comments

Learning from instructor comments

Revising with peer and instructor comments

Revising thesis and support

Rethinking organization

Revising title, introduction, and conclusion

Checking design and media elements

Storyboards

Storyboard on being a peer reviewer

Storyboard on getting help from peer reviewers

Storyboards on revising and editing

Video prompts

Video Prompt: Lessons from being a peer reviewer

Video Prompt: Lessons from peer review

Video Prompt: Revision happens

Editing and Proofreading

Quick Help: Word choice

Editing sentences, words, and tone

Creating an editing checklist

Proofreading the final draft

Student Writing

Final draft (Emily Lesk)

Reflecting to Learn

Understanding reflection

Setting the stage for reflection

Reflecting while you are writing

Reflecting after you’ve written

Student Writing

Reflective blog post (Thanh Nguyen)

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Technology for revising

For Multilingual Writers: Understanding peer reviews

For Multilingual Writers: Asking an experienced writer to review your draft

For Multilingual Writers: Reviewing a draft

Talking the Talk: Revision

Working with Others

Quick Help: Guidelines for group projects

Collaborating in college

Working on group projects

Making a group presentation

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Accommodating differences

For Multilingual Writers: Constructive criticism

Talking the Talk: Collaborating or cheating?

Tutorials

Tutorial: Cross-Platform Word Processing with CloudOn, Quip, and More

Video prompts

Video Prompt: Working with other people

Critical Thinking and Argument

Reading Critically

Quick Help: Guidelines for reading critically

Reading print and digital texts

Previewing a text

Reading and annotating a text

Summarizing a text

Analyzing and reflecting on a text

Analyzing visual texts

Storyboards

Storyboards on reading critically

Student Writing

Analysis of an assigned reading (Fernando Sanchez)

Analysis of a visual text

Annotations on an assigned reading (Fernando Sanchez and Sarah Lum)

Critical analysis of graphic literature (Shuqiao Song)

Preview notes for an assigned reading (Fernando Sanchez and Sarah Lum)

Summary of an assigned reading (Sarah Lum)

Tips

Talking the Talk: Critical thinking

Talking the Talk: Visual texts

Tutorials

Tutorial: Active reading strategies

Analyzing Arguments

Quick Help: Guidelines for analyzing an argument

Thinking critically about argument

Considering cultural contexts

Analyzing emotional appeals in an argument

Analyzing ethical appeals in an argument

Analyzing logical appeals in an argument

Analyzing appeals in a visual argument

Identifying Toulmin’s elements of an argument

Identifying common fallacies

Student Writing

Rhetorical analysis (Milena Ateyea)

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Recognizing appeals in various settings

Tutorials

Tutorial: Reading visuals for audience

Tutorial: Reading visuals for purpose

Constructing Arguments

Quick Help: Checklist for constructing an argument

Seeing your argument as part of a conversation

Arguing for a purpose

Determining whether a statement can be argued

Formulating a working thesis for an argument

Making ethical appeals

Making logical appeals

Making emotional appeals

Organizing an argument

Delivering an argument

Student Writing

Argument project (Benjy Mercer-Golden)

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Description

For Multilingual Writers: Bringing in other voices

For Multilingual Writers: Counting your own experience

Talking the Talk: Arguments

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Facing a challenging argument

Research

Preparing for a Research Project

Quick Help: Analyzing an assignment for a research project

Engaging with the research process

Choosing a topic for a research project

Narrowing a topic for a research project

Moving from research question to hypothesis

Determining what you know

Making a preliminary research plan

Keeping a research log

Moving from hypothesis to working thesis

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Dictation

Talking the Talk: Reaching an audience

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Researching something exciting

Conducting Research

Quick Help: Library research

Quick Help: Online research

Quick Help: Interviews

Quick Help: Observations

Quick Help: Survey questionnaires

Differentiating kinds of sources

Using the library to get started

Finding library resources

Conducting Internet research

Conducting field research

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Website accessibility

Talking the Talk: Wikis as sources

Tutorials

Tutorial: Tracking Sources with Evernote and Zotero

Evaluating Sources

Using sources for a purpose

Moving beyond previewing a source

Keeping a working bibliography

Evaluating usefulness and credibility

Reading and interpreting research sources

Student Writing

Annotated bibliography (Tony Chan)

Reflective annotated bibliography (Nandita Sriram)

Tips

Talking the Talk: Research with an open mind

Source Map: Evaluating articles

Source Map: Evaluating online sources

Planning Quotations, Paraphrases, and Summaries

Quick Help: Deciding to quote, paraphrase, or summarize

Taking notes and annotating sources

Deciding to use quotations

Deciding to paraphrase

Deciding to summarize

Integrating Sources

Quick Help: Certainty in argument

Quick Help: Restatement to build ethos

Quick Help: Signal verbs

Integrating quotations

Integrating paraphrases and summaries

Working with visuals and media

Synthesizing sources

Checking for excessive use of source material

Storyboards

Storyboards on synthesis

Student Writing

Synthesis project (Caroline Warner)

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Identifying sources

Talking the Talk: Saying something new

Acknowledging Sources and Avoiding Plagiarism

Quick Help: Careful use of sources

Quick Help: Sources to acknowledge

Understanding reasons to acknowledge sources

Knowing which sources to acknowledge

Recognizing patchwriting

Adapting structures and phrases from a genre without plagiarizing

Maintaining academic integrity and avoiding plagiarism

Considering your intellectual property

Collaborating and sharing

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Plagiarism as a cultural concept

Tutorials

Tutorial: Do I need to cite that?

Writing a Research Project

Quick Help: Guidelines for revising a research project

Analyzing the thesis of your research project

Organizing information in a research project

Drafting a research project

Reviewing and getting responses to a draft of a research project

Revising and finalizing your research project

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Asking experienced writers to review a thesis

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: When to stop researching

Designing and Performing Writing

Design for Print and Digital Writing

Quick Help: Using visuals and media effectively

Choosing a type of text

Planning a visual structure

Formatting print and digital texts

Considering visuals and media

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Color for contrast

For Multilingual Writers: Reading patterns

Presentations

Quick Help: Guidelines for presentations

Analyzing your assignment, purpose, and audience for presentations

Writing to be remembered

Creating a presentation

Practicing the presentation

Delivering the presentation

Learning from a student’s presentation planning

Giving a poster presentation

Presenting online

Presenting a PechaKucha

Student Writing

Presentation (Shuqiao Song)

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Accessible presentations

Tutorials

Tutorial: Creating Presentations with PowerPoint and Prezi

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: If I were in the audience

Video Prompt: Looking for the essential points (turning essay into media presentation)

Video Prompt: Presentation is performance

Video Prompt: You want them to hear you

Communicating in Other Media

Quick Help: Rhetorical contexts for multimodal writing

Planning web-based texts

Creating web-based texts

Creating nondigital multimodal projects

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Accessible web texts

Tutorials

Tutorial: Audio Recording and Editing with Audacity

Tutorial: Photo Editing Basics with GIMP

Academic, Professional, and Public Writing

Academic Work in Any Discipline

Writing in any discipline

Reading in any discipline

Understanding academic assignments in any discipline

Learning specialized vocabulary

Following disciplinary style

Using appropriate evidence

Using conventional patterns and formats

Making ethical decisions

Collaborating and communicating

Tips

Talking the Talk: The first person

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Improving with practice

Writing for the Humanities

Quick Help: Guidelines for reading texts in the humanities

Reading texts in the humanities

Writing texts in the humanities

Student Writing

Close reading of poetry (Bonnie Sillay)

Film analysis (Amrit Rao)

Writing for the Social Sciences

Reading texts in the social sciences

Writing texts in the social sciences

Student Writing

Literature review, psychology (Tawnya Redding)

Writing for the Natural and Applied Sciences

Reading texts in the natural and applied sciences

Writing texts in the natural and applied sciences

Student Writing

Lab report, chemistry (Allyson Goldberg)

Research proposal, biology (Tara Gupta)

Writing for Business

Quick Help: Guidelines for effective business correspondence

Quick Help: Guidelines for writing effective memos and business email

Reading texts for business

Writing texts for business

Student Writing

Business case analysis (Michelle Abbott)

Business memo (Michelle Abbott and Carina Abernathy)

Letter of inquiry (Nastassia Lopez)

Résumés (Megan Lange)

Tutorials

Tutorial: Building Your Professional Brand with LinkedIn, Twitter, and More

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Writing for the real world

Essay Examinations

Quick Help: Common strategy terms

Preparing for an essay examination

Responding to an essay examination

Writing take-home exams

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Writing notes in your own language

Portfolios

Planning a portfolio

Reflecting on a portfolio

Assembling a portfolio

Student Writing

Reflective portfolio cover letter (James Kung)

Writing to Make Something Happen in the World

Quick Help: Guidelines for public writing

Deciding to make something happen

Connecting with your audience

Sample Writing

Fundraising web page (Justin Dart)

Pitch package (Deborah Jane and Jamie Burke)

Newsletter (Joelle Hann)

Online report (Deb Habib and Kaitlin Doherty)

Web comic (Zack Karas)

Language

Writing across Cultures

Quick Help: Communicating across cultures

Thinking about what seems “normal”

Clarifying meaning

Meeting audience expectations

Video Prompts (DELETE)

Video Prompt: Writing for the real world (DELETE)

Language That Builds Common Ground

Quick Help: Editing to build common ground

Avoiding stereotypes and generalizations

Avoiding assumptions about gender

Avoiding assumptions about race and ethnicity

Considering other kinds of difference

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Knowing your readers

Language Variety

Quick Help: Using varieties of language effectively

Using varieties of language in academic writing

Using standard varieties of English

Using varieties of English to evoke a place or community

Using varieties of English to build credibility with a community

Using other languages

Tips

Considering Disabilities: American Sign Language

For Multilingual Writers: Choosing appropriate words

For Multilingual Writers: Global varieties of English

Video Prompts

Video Prompt: Correctness in context

Word Choice

Quick Help: Editing for appropriate and precise language

Choosing appropriate words for the context

Using words with appropriate connotations

Balancing general and specific language

Using figurative language

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Avoiding fancy language

For Multilingual Writers: Mastering idioms

Talking the Talk: Texting abbreviations

Dictionaries and Vocabulary Building

Quick Help: Dictionary information

Quick Help: Building your vocabulary

Finding information in dictionaries

Using different kinds of dictionaries

Building vocabulary with word roots, prefixes, and suffixes

Learning vocabulary in context

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Checking usage with search engines

For Multilingual Writers: Consulting a learner's dictionary

For Multilingual Writers: Using the dictionary to learn idioms

Spelling

Quick Help: Common errors with spell checkers

Quick Help: The most troublesome homonyms

Using spell checkers

Learning homonyms

Considering spelling and pronunciation

Following spelling rules

Tips

Considering Disabilities: Spelling

For Multilingual Writers: American spellings

Talking the Talk: Spell checkers and wrong-word errors

Documentation

MLA Style

Quick Help: Citing articles in databases (MLA)

Quick Help: Citing sources that don't match any model exactly (MLA)

Quick Help: Citing visuals that appear in your text (MLA)

Quick Help: Citing works from websites (MLA)

Understanding the basics of MLA style

Formatting MLA manuscripts

Creating MLA in-text citations

Directory to MLA-style in-text citations

Preparing an MLA list of works cited

Directory to MLA-style works-cited models

Student Writing

MLA-style research project (David Craig)

Tips

Source Map: Articles from databases in MLA style

Source Map: Articles in print periodicals in MLA style

Source Map: Books in MLA style

Source Map: Works from websites in MLA style

Tutorials

Tutorial: How to cite an article in MLA style

Tutorial: How to cite a book in MLA style

Tutorial: How to cite a database in MLA style

Tutorial: How to cite a website in MLA style

APA Style

Quick Help: Citing digital sources (APA)

Quick Help: Citing sources that don't match any model exactly (APA)

Understanding the basics of APA style

Formatting APA manuscripts

Creating APA in-text citations

Directory to APA-style in-text citation models

Preparing the APA list of references

Directory to APA-style references

Student Writing

APA-style research project (Martha Bell)

Tips

Source Map: Articles from databases in APA style

Source Map: Articles in print periodicals in APA style

Source Map: Books in APA style

Source Map: Reports and long works from websites in APA style

Tutorials

Tutorial: How to cite a database in APA style

Tutorial: How to cite a website in APA style

Chicago Style

Quick Help: Citing sources that don't match any model exactly (Chicago)

Understanding the basics of Chicago style

Formatting Chicago manuscripts

Preparing Chicago notes and bibliographic entries

Directory to Chicago-style notes and bibliographic entries

Student Writing

Chicago-style research project (Amanda Rinder)

Tips

Source Map: Articles from databases in Chicago style

Source Map: Books in Chicago style

Source Map: Works from websites in Chicago style

CSE Style

Formatting CSE manuscripts

Creating CSE in-text citations

Preparing a CSE list of references

Directory to CSE-style references

Student Writing

CSE-style literature review in biology (Joanna Hays)

Tips

Source Map: Books in CSE style

Source Map: Works from databases in CSE style

Grammar

Parts of Speech

Sentence Map: Parts of Speech

Verbs

Nouns

Pronouns

Adjectives

Adverbs

Prepositions

Conjunctions

Interjections

Parts of Sentences

Quick Help: Basic sentence patterns

Quick Help: Choosing between infinitives and gerunds

The basic grammar of sentences

Subjects

Predicates

Phrases

Clauses

Types of sentences

Tips

Talking the Talk: Understanding grammatical terms

Nouns and Noun Phrases

Using count and noncount nouns

Using determiners

Using articles

Verbs

Quick Help: Editing for -ed or -d endings

Quick Help: Editing for -s and -es endings

Quick Help: Editing verb tenses

Using appropriate verb forms

Forming verb phrases

Understanding regular and irregular verbs

Using lay and lie, sit and set, raise and rise

Indicating verb tenses

Sequencing verb tenses

Using active and passive voice

Using mood and forming conditional sentences

Subject-Verb Agreement

Quick Help: Editing for subject-verb agreement

Understanding subject-verb agreement

Making separated subjects and verbs agree

Making verbs agree with compound subjects

Making verbs agree with collective nouns

Making verbs agree with indefinite pronouns

Making verbs agree with who, which, and that

Making linking verbs agree with subjects

Making verbs agree with subjects ending in -s

Making verbs agree with following subjects

Making verbs agree with titles and with words used as words

Pronouns

Quick Help: Editing for case

Quick Help: Editing for clear pronoun reference

Quick Help: Editing for pronoun-antecedent agreement

Quick Help: Editing out the generic use of he, his, or him

Understanding pronoun case

Using who, whoever, whom, and whomever

Considering case in compound structures

Considering case in elliptical constructions

Using we or us before a noun

Making pronouns agree with antecedents

Avoiding sexist pronouns

Revising ambiguous pronoun references

Revising vague use of it, this, that, and which

Using who, which, or that to refer to people

Revising indefinite use of you, it, and they

Revising implied antecedents

Tips

Talking the Talk: Correctness or stuffiness?

Adjectives and Adverbs

Quick Help: Editing adjectives and adverbs

Quick Help: Understanding the difference between adjectives and adverbs

Using adjectives after linking verbs

Using adverbs

Comparatives and superlatives

Using nouns as modifiers

Using adjectives ending in -ed and -ing

Putting adjectives in order

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Adjectives with plural nouns

Prepositions and Prepositional Phrases

Quick Help: Strategies for learning prepositions idiomatically

Using prepositions idiomatically

Using two-word verbs idiomatically

Clarity

Confusing Shifts

Revising unnecessary shifts in tense, mood, voice, person, and number

Revising shifts between direct and indirect discourse

Revising shifts in tone and diction

Parallelism

Quick Help: Editing for parallelism

Making items in a series parallel

Using parallel structures to pair ideas

Including all necessary words

Using parallel structures for emphasis and effect

Comma Splices and Fused Sentences

Quick Help: Editing for comma splices and fused sentences

Identifying comma splices and fused sentences

Revising comma splices and fused sentences

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Sentence length

Fragments

Identifying fragments

Revising phrase fragments

Revising compound-predicate fragments

Revising dependent-clause fragments

Modifier Placement

Quick Help: Editing for misplaced or dangling modifiers

Revising misplaced modifiers

Revising disruptive modifiers

Revising dangling modifiers

Consistent and Complete Structures

Quick Help: Editing for consistency and completeness

Revising faulty sentence structure

Matching subjects and predicates

Completing elliptical constructions

Checking for missing words

Making complete comparisons

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Deciding which articles to use

Style

Concise Writing

Quick Help: Editing for conciseness

Eliminating unnecessary words

Simplifying sentence structure

Using active and passive voice appropriately

Coordination and Subordination

Quick Help: Editing for coordination and subordination

Relating equal ideas

Distinguishing main ideas

Sentence Variety

Quick Help: Editing for sentence variety

Varying sentence length

Varying sentence openings

Varying sentence types

Memorable Prose

Quick Help: Editing for memorable prose

Writing emphatic sentences

Choosing strong verbs

Using special effects

Punctuation

Commas

Quick Help: Editing for commas

Using commas after introductory elements

Using commas in compound sentences

Using commas with nonrestrictive elements

Using commas to separate items in a series

Using commas with parenthetical and transitional expressions

Using commas with contrasting elements, interjections, direct address, and tag questions

Using commas with dates, addresses, titles, and numbers

Commas with quotations

Using commas for clarity

Avoiding unnecessary commas

Semicolons

Quick Help: Editing for semicolons

Using semicolons with independent clauses

Using semicolons to separate items in a series

Using semicolons with quotation marks

Avoiding misused or overused semicolons

End Punctuation

Using periods

Using question marks

Using exclamation points

Using end punctuation in informal writing

Apostrophes

Quick Help: Editing for apostrophes

Using apostrophes to signal possessive case

Using apostrophes to signal contractions

Using guidelines for apostrophes with plurals

Quotation Marks

Quick Help: Editing for quotation marks

Using quotation marks to signal direct quotations

Using quotation marks to signal titles and definitions

Using quotation marks to signal irony and invented words

Avoiding misused quotation marks

Using quotation marks with other punctuation

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: Quotation marks

For Multilingual Writers: Quoting in American English

Other Punctuation Marks

Using parentheses

Using brackets

Using dashes

Using colons

Using slashes

Using ellipses

Mechanics

Capital Letters

Quick Help: Editing for capitalization

Capitalizing the first word of a sentence or line of poetry

Capitalizing proper nouns and proper adjectives

Capitalizing titles of works

Avoiding unnecessary capitalization

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: English capitalization

Abbreviations and Numbers

Quick Help: Editing abbreviations and numbers

Abbreviating titles and academic degrees

Abbreviating years and hours

Using acronyms and initial abbreviations

Abbreviating company names

Using Latin abbreviations

Abbreviating reference information, geographic terms, and months

Using symbols and units of measurement

Using numbers within sentences

Using numbers to begin sentences

Following conventions for figures

Tips

For Multilingual Writers: The term hundred

Talking the Talk: Abbreviations and numbers in disciplines

Italics

Quick Help: Editing for italics

Using italics for titles

Using italics for words, letters, and numbers referred to as terms

Using italics for non-English words and phrases

Using italics for names of vehicles

Using italics for emphasis

Hyphens

Quick Help: Editing for hyphens

Using hyphens with compound words

Using hyphens with prefixes and suffixes

Avoiding unnecessary hyphens

Glossaries

Glossary of Terms

Glossary of Usage

Prebuilt Lessons

Analyzing the Use of Sources in a Student Writer’s Argument

The purpose of a source

The purpose of a source in a student’s researched argument

Guidelines for considering credibility of sources

The credibility of a source in a student’s researched argument

Low-Stakes Practice Peer Review

Best practices for peer review

Guidelines for peer review and self-review

Peer review with Emily Lesk’s draft

Responses to peer reviewers’ comments

Response to peer comments on Emily Lesk’s draft

Reflecting Formally and Informally on Your Work

Preparation for reflection

Questions to prompt reflection

Formal reflection in a student’s portfolio cover letter

Informal reflection in Thanh Nguyen’s blog post

Formal and informal reflection on your own work

Working in Genres and Media for Academic Assignments

Genres for academic work

Questions to ask about genre features

Multimodal academic work

Assignments that move from one genre or medium to another

Genre choices in a student’s print essay and presentation

Reflection on genre choices

More Resources

Exercise: Top twenty most common errors (autoscored)

Exercise: Reflecting on your informal writing

Exercise: Prewriting: Analyzing assignments

Exercise: Prewriting: Deciding to write

Exercise: Prewriting: Audience

Exercise: Prewriting: Genre conventions

Exercise: Prewriting: Genre, medium, tone, style

Exercise: Prewriting: Exploring

Exercise: Prewriting: Evaluating a thesis

Exercise: Drafting: Writing a thesis

Exercise: Drafting: Organization

Exercise: Drafting: Creating a plan

Exercise: Revising: Planning your revision

Exercise: Reviewing: Preparing for peer review

Exercise: Reviewing: Analyzing your draft

Exercise: Reviewing: Evaluating thesis and support

Exercise: Reviewing: Evaluating conclusions

Exercise: Reviewing: Evaluating paragraphs

Exercise: Reviewing: Revising your own paragraph

Exercise: Editing: Creating an editing checklist

Exercise: Revising: Planning a revised draft

Exercise: Paragraphs: Topic sentences 1

Exercise: Paragraphs: Exploring a topic

Exercise: Paragraphs: Topic sentences 2

Exercise: Paragraphs: Comparison and contrast

Exercise: Paragraphs: Developing ideas

Exercise: Paragraphs: Evaluating development

Exercise: Paragraphs: Organization

Exercise: Paragraphs: Linking

Exercise: Reading: Previewing a text

Exercise: Reading: Annotating a text

Exercise: Reading: Analyzing a text

Exercise: Argument: Analyzing Derek Bok essay

Exercise: Argument: Analyzing argument

Exercise: Argument: Arguable statements

Exercise: Argument: Emotional appeals for your own argument

Exercise: Argument: Drafting

Exercise: Argument: Working thesis

Exercise: Argument: Topic to working thesis

Exercise: Argument: Identifying claims

Exercise: Argument: Ethical appeals in a visual

Exercise: Argument: Credibility

Exercise: Argument: Deductive arguments

Exercise: Argument: Logical appeals

Exercise: Argument: Creating emotional appeals

Exercise: Research: Possible topics

Exercise: Research: What you know about a topic

Exercise: Research: Evaluating sources

Exercise: Research: Annotating a source

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources

Exercise: Research: Identifying plagiarism

Exercise: Research: Testing your thesis

Exercise: Research: Recognizing common knowledge 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Recognizing common knowledge 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Recognizing common knowledge 3 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Researching a topic (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Summarizing sources (MLA) (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (MLA) 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (MLA) 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (MLA) 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (MLA) 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Summarizing sources (APA) (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (APA) 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (APA) 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (APA) 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (APA) 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Writing in Disciplines: Reading journal articles

Exercise: Essay exams

Exercise: Portfolio planning

Exercise: Language: Sexist language

Exercise: Language: Effects of standard English

Exercise: Language: Informal and formal word choice

Exercise: Language: Inconsistent formality

Exercise: Language: Appropriate denotation

Exercise: Language: Synonyms

Exercise: Language: Concrete words

Exercise: Language: Spelling and pronunciation

Exercise: Language: Etymology

Exercise: Language: Vocabulary in context

Exercise: Language: Spell checkers

Exercise: Language: Homonyms 2

Exercise: Language: Common misspellings 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Common misspellings 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Common misspellings 3 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Homonyms 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling rules 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling rules 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling rules 3 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling rules 4 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling plurals 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Spelling plurals 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Language: Appropriate language (autoscored)

Exercise: Documentation: APA-style references (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (Chicago) (autoscored)

Exercise: Documentation: Chicago-style notes (autoscored)

Exercise: Documentation: Chicago-style bibliographic entries (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (Chicago) 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (Chicago) 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Integrating sources (CSE) (autoscored)

Exercise: Research: Avoiding plagiarism (CSE) (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying verbs

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying nouns and articles

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying pronouns and antecedents

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying adjectives and adverbs

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying prepositions

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying conjunctions and conjunctive adverbs

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying complete and simple subjects

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying predicates 2

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying phrases 2

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying clauses 2

Exercise: Style: Expanding sentences

Exercise: Grammar: Classifying sentence types 2

Exercise: Grammar: Article and noun-phrase errors

Exercise: Grammar: Articles 2

Exercise: Grammar: Past forms of verbs

Exercise: Grammar: Lay, lie, raise, rise, set, sit

Exercise: Grammar: Appropriate verb forms

Exercise: Grammar: Verb tense sequence

Exercise: Grammar: Active and passive voice

Exercise: Grammar: Subjunctive verb forms

Exercise: Grammar: Subject-verb agreement 4

Exercise: Grammar: Subject-verb agreement 5

Exercise: Grammar: Who, whoever, whom, whomever

Exercise: Grammar: Pronoun case 2

Exercise: Grammar: Pronoun-antecedent agreement 2

Exercise: Grammar: Clear pronoun reference 2

Exercise: Grammar: Clear pronoun reference 3

Exercise: Grammar: Adjectives and adverbs 3

Exercise: Grammar: Revising modifiers

Exercise: Grammar: Using prepositions 2

Exercise: Grammar: Two-word verbs 2

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying subjects and predicates (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying verbs, nouns, and pronouns (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying adjectives, adverbs, and pronouns (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying conjunctions and prepositions (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying subjects (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying predicates 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying phrases 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Identifying clauses 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Classifying sentence types 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Pronoun case 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Regular and irregular verbs (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Subject-verb agreement 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Subject-verb agreement 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Subject-verb agreement 3 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Pronoun-antecedent agreement 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Adjectives and adverbs 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Comparatives and superlatives (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Clear pronoun reference 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Nouns and noun phrases (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Articles 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Verbs and verb phrases (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Two-word verbs 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Sentence structure (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Using prepositions 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Adjectives and adverbs 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Unnecessary shifts 3

Exercise: Grammar: Parallelism 2

Exercise: Grammar: Parallelism 3

Exercise: Grammar: Comma splices and fused sentences 2

Exercise: Grammar: Comma splices and fused sentences 3

Exercise: Grammar: Sentence fragments 2

Exercise: Grammar: Sentence fragments 3

Exercise: Grammar: Misplaced modifiers 3

Exercise: Grammar: Limiting and squinting modifiers

Exercise: Grammar: Disruptive modifiers 2

Exercise: Grammar: Dangling modifiers 2

Exercise: Grammar: Inconsistent structures 2

Exercise: Grammar: Incomplete structures 2

Exercise: Grammar: Unnecessary shifts 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Comma splices and fused sentences 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Sentence fragments 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Misplaced modifiers 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Misplaced modifiers 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Disruptive modifiers 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Dangling modifiers 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Inconsistent structures 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Incomplete structures 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Parallelism 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Grammar: Unnecessary shifts 2 (autoscored)

Exercise: Style: Active voice

Exercise: Style: Conciseness 2

Exercise: Style: Coordination 2

Exercise: Style: Subordination 2

Exercise: Style: Sentence length

Exercise: Style: Periodic and cumulative sentences

Exercise: Style: Emphasizing main ideas 2

Exercise: Style: Antithesis

Exercise: Style: Word order

Exercise: Style: Emphasizing main ideas 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Style: Conciseness 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Style: Subordination 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Style: Coordination 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with introductory elements 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with compound sentences 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with restrictive and nonrestrictive elements 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas in series 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas, various uses 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with titles, dates, addresses 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with quotations 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Semicolons 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Semicolons 3

Exercise: Punctuation: End punctuation 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Apostrophes 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Apostrophes 3

Exercise: Punctuation: Quotation marks 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Parentheses and brackets 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Dashes 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Colons 2

Exercise: Punctuation: Effective punctuation

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with introductory elements 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with compound sentences 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with restrictive and nonrestrictive elements 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas in series 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas, various uses 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with titles, dates, addresses 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Commas with quotations 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Unnecessary commas (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Semicolons 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Periods (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Question marks (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Exclamation points (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Apostrophes 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Quotation marks 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Parentheses and brackets 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Dashes 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Colons 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: End punctuation 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Punctuation: Quotation marks with other punctuation (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Capitalization 2

Exercise: Mechanics: Capitalization 3

Exercise: Mechanics: Abbreviations 2

Exercise: Mechanics: Numbers 2

Exercise: Mechanics: Italics 2

Exercise: Mechanics: Hyphens 3

Exercise: Mechanics: Capitalization 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Abbreviations 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Numbers 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Italics 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Hyphens 1 (autoscored)

Exercise: Mechanics: Hyphens 2 (autoscored)

Thinking critically about your expectations for college writing

Thinking critically about rhetorical situations

Thinking critically about your writing process

Thinking critically about your reviewing and revising process

Thinking critically about paragraphs

Thinking critically about your collaborative work

Thinking critically about reading

Thinking critically about analyzing arguments

Thinking critically about constructing arguments

Thinking critically about your own research

Thinking critically about conducting research

Thinking critically about your evaluation of sources

Thinking critically about your integration of sources

Thinking critically about your own acknowledgment of sources

Thinking critically about research projects

Thinking critically about design for writing

Thinking critically about oral and multimedia presentations

Thinking critically about multimodal texts

Thinking critically about reading and writing in a discipline

Thinking critically about writing in the humanities

Thinking critically about writing in the social sciences

Thinking critically about writing for the sciences

Thinking critically about business writing

Thinking critically about essay examinations

Thinking critically about portfolios

Thinking critically about writing that makes something happen in the world

Thinking critically about assumptions in your writing

Thinking critically about assumptions and common ground

Thinking critically about language variety

Thinking critically about word choice

Thinking critically about dictionaries, vocabulary, and spelling

Thinking critically about parts of speech

Thinking critically about sentences

Thinking critically about verbs

Thinking critically about subject-verb agreement

Thinking critically about pronouns

Thinking critically about adjectives and adverbs

Thinking critically about shifts

Thinking critically about parallelism

Thinking critically about comma splices and fused sentences

Thinking critically about fragments

Thinking critically about modifiers

Thinking critically about consistency and completeness

Thinking critically about conciseness

Thinking critically about coordination and subordination

Thinking critically about sentence variety

Thinking critically about prose style

Thinking critically about commas

Thinking critically about semicolons

Thinking critically about end punctuation

Thinking critically about apostrophes

Thinking critically about quotation marks

Thinking critically about punctuation

Thinking critically about capitalization

Thinking critically about abbreviations and numbers

Thinking critically about italics

Thinking critically about hyphenation