With other punctuation. A period may be placed either inside or outside a closing parenthesis, depending on whether the parenthetical text is part of a larger sentence. A comma, if needed, is always placed outside a closing parenthesis (and never before an opening one).

Gene Tunney’s single defeat in an eleven-year career was to a flamboyant and dangerous fighter named Harry Greb (“The Human Windmill”), who seems to have been, judging from boxing literature, the dirtiest fighter in history.

—Joyce Carol Oates, “On Boxing”