56. film, dvd, or streaming video. If you cite a particular person’s work, start with that name. If not, start with the title; then name the director, distributor, and year of release. Other contributors, such as writers or performers, may follow the director. If you cite a DVD instead of a theatrical release, include the original film release date and the label DVD.

For material streamed from a Web site, give the name of the site or database, the medium (Web), and the access date.

57. short online video. Cite a short online video as you would a work from a Web site (see model 44).

58. television or radio program. In general, begin with the title of the program, italicized. Then list important contributors (narrator, writer, director, actors); the network; the local station and city, if any; the broadcast date; and the medium. To cite a particular person’s work, begin with that name. To cite a particular episode from a series, begin with the episode title, in quotation marks.

Note: For a streaming version online, give the name of the Web site, italicized. Then give the publisher or sponsor, a comma, and the date posted. End with the medium (Web) and the access date.

59. broadcast interview. List the person interviewed and then the title, if any. If the interview has no title, use the label Interview and name the interviewer, if relevant. Then identify the source. To cite a broadcast interview, end with information about the program, the date(s) the interview took place, and the medium.

Note: If you listened to an archived version online, provide the site’s sponsor (if known), the date of the interview, the medium (Web), and the access date. For a podcast interview, see model 66.

60. unpublished or personal interview. List the person interviewed; the label Telephone interview, Personal interview, or E-mail interview; and the date the interview took place.

61. sound recording. List the name of the person or group you wish to emphasize (such as the composer, conductor, or band); the title of the recording or composition; the artist, if appropriate; the manufacturer; and the year of issue. Give the medium (such as CD, MP3 file, or LP). If you are citing a particular song or selection, include its title, in quotation marks, before the title of the recording.

Note: If you are citing instrumental music that is identified only by form, number, and key, do not underline, italicize, or enclose it in quotation marks.

62. musical composition. When you are not citing a specific published version, first give the composer’s name, followed by the title.

Note: Cite a published score as you would a book. If you include the date that the composition was written, do so immediately after the title.

63. computer game. Include the version after the title, then the city and publisher, date, and medium.

Cite an online game as you would a work from a Web site (see model 44).

64. lecture or speech. List the speaker; title, in quotation marks; sponsoring institution or group; place; and date. If the speech is untitled, use a label such as Lecture.

65. live performance. List the title, appropriate names (such as writer or performer), the place, and the date. To cite a particular person’s work, begin the entry with that name.

66. podcast (streaming). Include all of the following that are relevant and available: the speaker, the title of the podcast, the title of the program, the host or performers, the title of the site, the site’s sponsor, the date of posting, the medium (Web), and the access date. (This model is based on MLA guidelines for a short work from a Web site. For a downloaded podcast, see model 67.)

67. digital file. A citation for a file that you can download from the Web—one that exists independently, not only on a Web site—begins with the citation information required for the type of source (a photograph or sound recording, for example). For the medium, indicate the type of file (MP3 file, JPEG file).

68. work of art or photograph. List the artist or photographer; the work’s title, italicized; the date of composition (if unknown, use n.d.); and the medium of composition (Oil on canvas, Bronze). Then cite the name of the museum or other location and the city. To cite a reproduction in a book, add the publication information. To cite artwork found online, omit the medium of composition, and after the location, add the title of the database or Web site, italicized; the medium consulted (Web); and the date of access.

69. map or chart. Cite a map or chart as you would a book or a short work within a longer work, and include the word Map or Chart after the title. Add the medium of publication. For an online source, end with the date of access.

70. cartoon or comic strip. List the artist’s name; the title (if any) of the cartoon or comic strip, in quotation marks; the label Cartoon or Comic strip; and the usual publication information for a print periodical (see models 28–31) or a work from a Web site (model 44).

71. advertisement. Include the label Advertisement after the name of the item or organization being advertised.