In general, include the author (if given); the title of a work from a Web site (in quotation marks); the name of the site (in italics, if the site is an online publication, but otherwise neither italicized nor in quotation marks); the sponsor of the site, if different from the name of the site or name of the author; the date of publication or most recent update; and a URL. If the online source does not indicate when it was published or last modified, or if your instructor requests an access date, place it before the URL.

For basic information on citing works from Web sites in Chicago style, see the source map on pp. 514–15.

28. web site

29. work from a web site

30. blog (web log) post. Treat a blog post as a short work from a Web site (see model 29).

Chicago recommends that blog posts appear in the notes section only, not in the bibliography, unless the blog is cited frequently. Check your instructor’s preference. A bibliography reference to an entire blog would look like this:

31. email and other personal communications. Cite email messages and other personal communications, such as letters and telephone calls, in the text or in a note only, not in the bibliography. (Chicago style recommends hyphenating e-mail.)

32. podcast. Treat a podcast as a short work from a Web site (see model 29), and give as much of the following information as you can find: the author or speaker, the title or a description of the podcast, the title of the site, the site sponsor (if different from the author or site name), the type of podcast or file format, the date of posting or access, and the URL.

33. online audio or video. Treat an online audio or video source as a short work from a Web site (see model 29). If the source is downloadable, give the medium or file format before the URL (see model 32).