EXERCISE APA 3–1 Integrating sources in APA papers
EXERCISE APA 3-1Integrating sources in APA papers
Read the following passage and the information about its source. Then decide whether each student sample uses the source correctly. If the student has made an error in using the source, click on Error; if the student has quoted correctly, click on OK.
Click Submit after each question to see feedback and to record your answer. After you have finished every question, your answers will be submitted to your instructor’s gradebook. You may review your answers by returning to the exercise at any time. (An exercise reports to the gradebook only if your instructor has assigned it.)
Even the most conscientious agriculture has some environmental impact, and though much food production yields greenhouse gases, raising livestock has a much higher potential for global warming than crop farming. For example: To produce one calorie of corn takes 2.2 calories of fossil fuel. For beef the number is 40: it requires 40 calories to produce one calorie of beef protein.
In other words, if you grow corn and eat it, you expend 2.2 calories of energy in order to eat one of protein. But if you process that corn, and feed it to a steer, and take into account all the other needs that steer has through its lifetime—land use, chemical fertilizers (largely petroleum-based), pesticides, machinery, transport, drugs, water, and so on—you’re responsible for 40 calories of energy to get that same calorie of protein. According to one estimate, a typical steer consumes the equivalent of 135 gallons of gasoline in his lifetime, enough for even some gas guzzlers to drive more than halfway from New York to Los Angeles, or for an energy-efficient car to make the drive back and forth twice. Or try to imagine each cow on the planet consuming almost seven barrels of crude oil.
From Bittman, M. (2009). Food matters: A guide to conscious eating with more than 75 recipes. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
[The source passage is on pages 16-17. Page 16 ends with petroleum-, and page 17 starts with based.]
Excerpt from Food matters: A guide to conscious eating with more than 75 recipes. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster. Reprinted by permission.
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 1 of 10: Bittman (2009) made a strong environmental argument for preferring raising crops to raising and processing meat (pp. 16-17).
Question
/GplB6X75nFTrUlAZtn0Y7g7u43XwJ7f/ScCc8v/2aDzXm7jzLdO2DkhWwaMolQSpRPeAcZ44OVjhQVabcqu2iZ1hqoB9smD5l9D9JVOa8LG4j5W4bfYl2pmFNw0UMoE4F6F0xGip/zbF8bKWNQwK/MwcnLj7Hz6Jpkb23qnuOQoe//1rdB/eVCzk2N8nqNuMjB43INYIlaE5SMMvGhESy8Gv/rwyKr1tIuct2D/keqH3BeWQBCsR7nwStsstK3LziCyMMu+wbjPowHQTCfU4uob+0eXo7tLsfK2lZaJFyH/wxAg2Z6RYbloAgriioAVO9wqqDWozzwD5zv0jSDUzJ8UGIiUxWWmdeefyXUwHiQGiTR1/wB4P3Weuy4qsYJFRGgXtZ078595sUinRWoXHrTlVXgflyAR/yQUSm0+XM00b/tRybBsuTmAgx5WvioyiOpdXk2/z+bR58uAOiLLdL5elpNZZcxfmP+20GPHJFmmk3U3/31EPCcnVOEU7m/qDHVS72DP7amNdq+2dNv7HVzMKCI0CO+Ka1G0YgoDDtfEj525EieLuD4Y5/BC5Nto30Lh/vW7nCrX2SF/TrkYPgqh2xDs36DZl07X7YAOPTIVC3FfadJTwkD4SMNcamvJp243oXjtN6V09FRL87fi4IHtEZbvyglkjcbkz+hr+T0m6Y6bpKCJJRe0o2zrFIACTwuHpOlWMc0KLCAUftnryPG/XHkkHtSxYIKNtgMS1oVPQrmc1LKahHT7y9+ZE9TFQFfcfOc/FOphHWWbjCRf7gVsudS7kD89n8UTAp0Mnpt861eBjGV4HJh8ok/wHgeEE9GkgJkyBU2/S7x1vI+C9UT3KGI81ecnTvQRi4ciJ7YrYqVIbat5MgdYKbnqpPS/wuAlyPIQT8fS12JQV5+v3k03ouFSHo0o+GgT9TcdfcDPMtPnibIMPBMLeBWIucOq2GwFUcALMU+LZW0t6uLlqFQFs2JhDIugCnUv3YatouCrehlXgi7hBNKMwErHRojV4oBXBkbWpCljmENyvax/lROrq7oX0VbeCEkPHp8gvAPCmBkJEoL3tHv4m7kyhYrjoxqAQuxpeCmV1Xz/6Pc/ApfAAjuwBZlLGbLS8r/7aNZfOHw7Q8aDD53jU5E39K3C7/NwDx3yU1O1HawcWU9sNS8rGLOJsolANHx+MEViZpyUhV+J/HQYg4zd81SytzJFphKJV9Jjkb0DI4gWFmLEaYx5TWuMdLeQrTWVSZUuMA9SOJFSeln8AhXENvRWBBEyEgqNQZE/eZBu49HuTqHjpwoLIwLu6in0qnVzmdFdF5y8FpJEHlWUHZJCgXwI3ITBViolyfsGQakdu8XTNZj/E2PLy+nFkbbNCGm0oKD+xaffq8wCKUvhVA253jb3rY+MnG9fCJddjU3s/wao+/edHH+7kMnuRyBxEh4rb8AGGRtnjdyQFOEWKf7aEG9ER2y6PciTrW88IoI/auqsXVpidK7Knjs8dBi54zffwKTjQ1VtgydRO5JA6GignLqfP2YoqujFE8hY1DWGwJE8u+xyODDVzDn9TB1iYgOv0svdM9bOIIe9c84ufnpC4fTV13jTaJCygcmYAllPR1H3mQMslQKy8YCPnJBuNwfYWarGe+Wlq+O6rqm6rNP28NJoVw/LiI4F/9qkfjBNRjpkInU4wxwyZZOYtdPe6N3RK4S5QgL2ox3KWY+MT4dQyCcY3GwoPQtXFVlL/3Dm+rCoknrWOmTAz60dOycI8c/9gQeKNnJ9jSMjMc/c6PpszZ/aIMMICDEBICHHczI7COgvQeURIXoccUCkAGuQ0zp9W3Ss+k6pyAK4mA8AAwk0soyo/+hGZQOTR6uxIxe6fobsRdwt3OjqjA8bZvoqJwwCsVIeGSzbEc1Qc40Gpztr+yetMljLNxlfNvfjHegKEqDUfgzqh7DmTsSnDuDfOSbIHQDOaBrTMDATIMyqNrwuq6RnePLLhqYM30boG37YQSKECygcVG1BOfq49yzNTzUeHHfKEpK75f/bM1/ZGL8HPo8=
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 2 of 10: It takes 2.2 calories of fossil fuel to produce one calorie of edible corn, while it takes 40 calories to produce one calorie of beef protein (Bittman, 2009, p. 16).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 3 of 10: Bittman (2009) argued that one reason to avoid eating meat is that producing meat uses up many more resources than does a plant-based diet (pp. 16-17).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 4 of 10: The resources needed to grow livestock are astonishing. According to Bittman (2009), “To produce one calorie of corn takes 2.2 calories of fossil fuel. For beef the number is 40” (p. 16).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 5 of 10: Bittman (2009) explained that “if you process that corn, and feed it to a steer, and take into account all the other needs that steer has through its lifetime—you’re responsible for 40 calories of energy to get the same calorie of protein” (pp. 16-17).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 6 of 10: Bittman (2009) came down firmly on the side of plant-based agriculture (as opposed to raising livestock), comparing the energy used to raise a single steer to the fuel needed to drive halfway across the country (p. 17).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 7 of 10: Bittman (2009) argued against raising livestock: Imagine every cow in the world using seven barrels of crude oil (p. 17).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 8 of 10: Raising livestock takes more energy than does raising vegetables. “If you process . . . corn, and feed it to a steer, and take into account all the other needs that steer has through its lifetime—land use, chemical fertilizers (largely petroleum-based), pesticides, machinery, transport, drugs, water, and so on—you’re responsible for 40 calories of energy to get the same calorie of protein” (Bittman, 2009, pp. 16-17).
Question
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
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 9 of 10: According to Bittman (2009), beef-eaters are “responsible for 40 calories of energy to get [one] calorie of protein” (p. 17).
Question
Zabx6PCprmOYxm26ipdZSA/LE07/dAcX6w8d5A6RlwGt3Qj37DmuFRyKF5dTP1G8onG8EKLWmQLKYokSRFcX3jT5wEpxhJOxGo6Vjtf7n0ROyvDQExqpt0j4zEHQ57HolS41w6YUPC2QNTmL2fHP4G19FwbwkWHjJdauMxDq4ttTAPRRhoJbi2U3bmOirxtffJsMB5PxitDMBjqsAWoCxO+MIOAhkQaOt4XR3IndDs9zKrYCZIlg7XmnUAA79aTcFygGUw2bUjGpj+ae/O8iGN1RE5n6qGjjVMg4wHIwlSh7kFQWKziBinJZixEEjUvwKMd6HCXUk6lnr74sRU+Zr13HWi2ruaCATtBiCNLcLXwhEJvwfvpxuYxnkn09LcMXpCPo7l/LEMmqkN1Z3LT7Vd1qR3XGpgk/ut+sf7CwL6pbFhTpZ7erqAU4whQnSyJvTWeCt+/LMzThDXCMi6Izpu/lGQIKPZbherufMlOepFK/DbaOWTVKrRSWIIhTw0BERHDgtzAKXZ8XIKjYpbZHTwczFtgkEO/s0mPm7rklOZNJlUHfaVt/WJ3/zFyPT+uD6pgPqWGtpuc0CPrrz2K0QhvvjdjOhY6y9UqF1XHi7hqFfEuuEZRIE/KHqz1DNS+qxSNxkGvYSd5HAqkLCYzDi2XxX1qOK+ewW2wFJQV41BiF1FNmNHIUyJ0eFkc39ESlSG8Yj4aQdWbgfngHxaPo+AefZKHwNPhw6BfPa8h1Oki5h9FlKm2eHvSq2rhUvC+cE5wIQTvC82wqWyIHVkvIliFZjXRMTudK59L5ey0/u8TgRNsM4vlDIwAqIks8kdDykYiR9SiPHqLjaRkPnXDcy5guJen/m0hKZ7y89c7zsdOi1kdy9v/Zw1DfSG/Z9SSO6lxqEjTRlcK0Q6gCPxJb28gKYyC5kY3lSfYarqaf45/RYOoM5Y7Nxzo6jf7b7iYgf+ZWWEugahVXIV1/KIBI2O+sn1h0+jPWw8P4F5T6vds2cTo/eV3Rk30zmZFCCHr8mAe/LYB/SsPU4sppkCoH2Fz2cusATnC2qPVkwGkmiGnMb+Y+e4Iooex1Vx7N8dVf/4cNstYsQV6szY0WzYGVgUzXDzsZtD50hsL8DiOkYmB6qw7YJCrzHWZqPM0/6ZPOf3z6OBCbpd/vEHODEs07Tg49O9KwQXmsWnH3INDjBB7/6tfj1cuqI+HXwSX9zUCMDzg47n5bkYO/VB7oLHtMtQhCAaH7vKAT2EMSE8YCZpyNqptaNw+x6urct++9ZQnuLiZAPb6ScbqlwdcJ4n+K/AZbEVfaXNPO1jI+H3+9OEcNfuC7I6F8kJI3RnN4Q2NZWheuraDnthXr1qNS38fWz4gbNTLWsk1kmfL7o2Q6DpoymS2pxVA64sfNY1qNCXcVXdK4GbXNjoyajze2oGBb+ut+0iJhIOOeuMbfhiLs0phtk8PRQUwFOTq8rO1GXIrBINU7OJeNLfaxaPT+rMPopMMGZBYWMUIytKCIEuCpREStoJO9OCFQyRzIbyMTbsxu6v+0ODvTZmpg9+Mm6nCcmZB0zaos0oQAEXKMxcK2ruyVY6idGkKmSsq0/rsi+NRYV581KSCB1NoVHMNWNsIJhK59gnf1DX8cekFiVuG+5Kpn+WuX
EXERCISE APA 3-1 Integrating sources in APA papers - 10 of 10: In terms of fossil-fuel usage, Bittman (2009) compared the energy required to raise a steer for food consumption to the gasoline used in “driving from New York to Los Angeles in an energy-efficient car . . . twice” (p. 17).