#em#Chicago#/em# guidelines, footnotes and endnotes

If you are using endnotes, begin the endnotes on a new page at the end of the paper. Center the title Notes about one inch from the top of the page, and number the pages consecutively with the rest of the manuscript.

If you are using footnotes, place each note at the bottom of the page on which the text reference appears.

Sample Chicago endnotes

Indenting and numbering

Indent the first line of each note one-half inch from the left margin; do not indent additional lines in the note. Begin the note with the arabic numeral that corresponds to the number in the text. Put a period after the number.

Line spacing

For endnotes, single-space each note and double-space between notes. For footnotes, your instructor may prefer single-spacing throughout.

Dividing URLs or DOIs in notes

Do not insert a hyphen when dividing a URL at the end of a line. Break the URL or DOI only after a colon or a double slash or before any other punctuation mark.

If your word processing program automatically turns Web addresses into hot links (by underlining them and highlighting them in color), turn off this feature.

Chicago guidelines, body of paper

Chicago guidelines, bibliography

Directory to Chicago (CMS) model papers