The models on the following pages are consistent with guidelines in The Chicago Manual of Style, 16th edition (2010). For each type of source, a model note appears first, followed by a model bibliography entry. The model note shows the format you should use when citing a source for the first time. For subsequent citations of a source, use shortened notes.

General guidelines for listing authors

How to cite books and other long works

How to cite articles and other short works

How to cite Web sources

How to cite audio, visual, and multimedia sources

How to cite personal communication and social media

General guidelines for Chicago notes and bibliography

Directory to Chicago notes and bibliography entries