The medulla is involved in basic life functions.
The cerebellum controls many types of movements and is involved in learning.
The pons plays a role in sleep.
The midbrain integrates motor and sensory functions.
The thalamus is an important structure involved in many behaviors but is best known as a sensory relay.
The hypothalamus is involved in behaviors like hunger, thirst and sexual behaviors.
It also controls the pituitary gland.
The amygdala is involved in fear and aggression.
The hippocampus is necessary for storing permanent memories.
The cortex contains separate areas for processing vision, audition and body senses.
It also has a region for controlling our voluntary movements.
The motor cortex and somatosensory cortex have a map of the human body where different regions of the cortex are associated with different parts of the body.